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U3 AOS1 : - GLOBAL ACTORS - Coggle Diagram
U3 AOS1 : - GLOBAL ACTORS
Key Terms
Multilateralism
- systems of coordinating relations between three or more states in pursuit of common reciprocal objectives.
Global Governance
- institutions, rules, laws, and legal arrangements that facilitate international cooperation.
Globalisation
- The acceleration and intensification in the exchanges of goods, services, labour, and capital.
Sovereignty
- the legitimate or widely recognised ability to exercise effective control over territory within recognised boreders.
Challenges to State sovereignty
Regional Groupings
Contested and Changing Borders
Issues that require Multilateral resolution
Nation
- a group of people characterised by possessing a common cultural characteristic, such as religion, language, or historical identity.
State
- the traditional actor in global politics that is characterised by possessing a permanent population, defined territory, and recognised sovereignty.
Aims
Roles
Power
Power
- the ability for one global actor to influence the actions of another global actor.
Non-state Actors (NSAs)
Amnesty International (AI)
Aims
Protect the human rights of all people
Build people power to pressurize gatekeepers to respect international law
Roles
Send experts on missions to investigate and report
Call upon governments and companies to uphold human rights
Work with the media to expose human rights abuses
Incentivise supporters to sign petitions, write letters, and take online action
Campaign in specific countries on global and local issues
Power Source
Independent donations
Organisational size and structure
The Islamic State (ISIS or IS)
Aims
To gain political power by establishing an Islamic caliphate across the Middle East and beyond
To create a climate of fear amongst the civilian populace of 'non-believers
Roles
To carry out terrorist attacks against civilian targets
To actively spread ideology
To recruit members
Power Source
Territorial control
Funding - taxes, antiques, donations, kidnapping etc.
Global reach
Intergovernmental Organisations (IGOs)
The United Nations (UN)
Aims
To keep peace throughout the world
To develop friendly relations between states
To be a centre for achieving these aims
To cooperate in solving international problems and in promoting respect for human rights.
Roles
To draft resolutions
To place economic sanctions
To conduct peace-keeping missions
To perform collective military action
To assist in post-conflict rebuilding
Power Source
Membership base
Enforcement mechanisms/structure
Financial base
Legal recognition
The International Criminal Court (ICC)
Aims
Ensure the worst perpetrators are held accountable for their crimes
Serve as a court of last resort that can investigate, prosecute, and punish the worst perpetrators of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity.
Assist national judiciaries in investigating and prosecuting the worst perpetrators
Help promote international peace and security by deterring future would-be perpetrators.
Power Source
Rome Statute
Roles
Enforce the Rome Statute
Conduct trials
Prosecute the perpetrators of serious crimes
The International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Aims
Promote international monetary cooperation
Promote exchange rate stability
Facilitate the balance growth of international trade
Provide resources to help members in balance of payment difficulties.
Roles
Surveillance
Technical assistance/capacity building
Lending
Power
Membership base
Quotas - particularly from the US
Transnational Corporations (TNCs)
Samsung
Aims
Maximise profits
Devote its talent and technology to creating superior products and services
Roles
Provide high quality goods and services to consumers
Provide employment to over 308,000 people
Power Source
Economic power