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To what extent did the Korean War affect the way in which the Cold War was…
To what extent did the Korean War affect the way in which the Cold War was fought?
Yes
Militarisation of the Cold War
Increased spending on military
Soviet Creation of NATO (solidified defenses against a potential threat of the US)
Other countries as theatres of war (Deepened involvement in other Asian conflicts)
Eg. Vietnam, Nicaragua etc. Coined -> Domino Theory -> strengthened & reinforced Containment Policy
Korea was the FIRST proxy war
The conflict in Korea
expanded the geographical scope of this policy to include Asia.
Extended beyond the region of Europe but across Asia, suggesting a sustained and extensive effort to eradicate Communist influences by the US (Previous instances of intervention in Turkey/Greece and Germany, but never in Asia)
The US and its allies began establishing military bases in strategic locations, particularly in Asia and Europe, to counter future communist aggression, asserting more regional influence.
ANZUS Treaty (with Australia and New Zealand) and the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) in 1954, designed to counter communist influence in the region. This expansion of US alliances helped institutionalise the Cold War as a global confrontation.
Previously primarily domestic political policies -> direct intervention etc. Truman Doctrine and speeches
The KW thus forced the superpowers to think globally and on a broader scale resulting in new policies such as domino theory in 1954. Thus, the KW, forever changed the scale and strategies of the conflict from a regional to a global one. (Older defensive perimeter, Dean Acheson now expanded, increased military spending)
No
Indirect fighting remained the same -> Berlin Blockade, US deliberately trying not to clash directly with the USSR instead using the Berlin Airlift, avoidance of direct military confrontations while still attempting to further their own national goals
Ideological division
Already existed in Germany! Difference: Berlin Blockade was seen as something abrupt without any sustained military confrontations, Korean War was an all-out & drawn-out battle
NATO already created, UN was not new
Focus on avoiding direct conflict (Eg. Soviet reluctance to intervene, US calling the assistance of UN despite having the means to involve itself directly)
Aftermath
POW controversy
Other Proxy Wars
DMZ/Lingering conflict