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ittehad e muslimiya by tahqqeq e kitabiya, ali ko pehla khalifa mannah -…
ittehad e muslimiya by tahqqeq e kitabiya
sunni aqaeed
shia aqaeed
usooli tehqeeq
usooli tehqeeq
fiqr e imamat
fiqr e imamat
ibadat baqool sunni
namaz
roza
hajj
zaqat
itefaq hune ke masla
abu bakr ko pehla khalifa mannah
The Meeting at Saqifah Banu Sa’idah
After the death of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), the Ansar (local inhabitants of Madinah) gathered at a place called Saqifah Banu Sa’idah to discuss who should be the leader of the Muslim community. The Muhajirun (early Muslim migrants from Makkah), including Abu Bakr, Umar ibn al-Khattab, and Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah, also arrived at the meeting.
Abu Bakr (RA) gave a speech, reminding the people that the Muhajirun were closest to the Prophet in terms of their relationship and companionship. He then suggested that they choose one leader from the Muhajirun and another from the Ansar. However, this idea was rejected as the leadership was seen as a unified position.
Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) became the first caliph of the Muslim community after the death of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) through a process known as Shura (consultation). The appointment of Abu Bakr as caliph is recorded in several authentic Sunni sources. Below is a detailed explanation of how he was chosen, along with references from prominent sources.
The Prophet’s Illness and Indication of Abu Bakr’s Leadership
During the Prophet’s final illness, he indicated preference for Abu Bakr’s leadership in a few ways:
The Prophet (PBUH) instructed that Abu Bakr should lead the prayer in his place when he became too ill to do so.
Reference:
Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 1, Book 11, Hadith 681: Aisha (RA) narrated that when the Prophet (PBUH) was ill, he said, "Order Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer."
This act of asking Abu Bakr to lead the prayer is seen by many as a symbolic endorsement of his leadership.
Reference:
Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 8, Book 82, Hadith 817: It describes the gathering at Saqifah and the discussions about the leadership.
Sahih Muslim, Book 20, Hadith 4554: Details the events at Saqifah and how the companions chose Abu Bakr.
Omar’s Support for Abu Bakr
Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA), recognizing the need for unity in the Muslim community, quickly pledged allegiance (Bay'ah) to Abu Bakr. He stood up and declared Abu Bakr as the most deserving of leadership because of his close relationship with the Prophet (PBUH) and his previous responsibilities in leading prayers during the Prophet's illness.
Reference:
Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 5, Book 57, Hadith 19: Umar (RA) is reported to have said, "I feared there would be a great dispute that day, so I quickly gave the pledge of allegiance to Abu Bakr."
General Pledge of Allegiance (Bay'ah)
After Umar's pledge, other prominent companions, including the Ansar and the rest of the Muhajirun, also gave their Bay'ah to Abu Bakr. The next day, the general public in Madinah gathered, and they too pledged their allegiance to Abu Bakr.
Reference:
Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 8, Book 82, Hadith 817: It mentions that after the initial pledge by key figures, a general pledge of allegiance was made by the Muslim community the following day.
Sahih Muslim, Book 20, Hadith 4554: Describes how the general public gave their Bay'ah to Abu Bakr, consolidating his position as the first caliph.
Abu Bakr’s First Address as Caliph
After being confirmed as the caliph, Abu Bakr delivered a famous speech in which he laid down the principles of his leadership:
He emphasized that he was not the best among them but had been entrusted with the responsibility.
He encouraged the people to correct him if he ever deviated from the right path.
Reference:
History of al-Tabari, Volume 9: In Abu Bakr’s speech, he said, “O people, I have been appointed over you, though I am not the best among you. If I do well, help me; and if I do wrong, set me right.”
Summary of the Process:
Prophetic Indication: Abu Bakr was asked to lead prayers during the Prophet's illness.
Saqifah Meeting: After the Prophet's death, Ansar and Muhajirun met to discuss leadership.
Umar's Role: Umar ibn al-Khattab quickly pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr to avoid division, and others followed.
General Bay'ah: The next day, the entire Muslim community pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr.
Abu Bakr's Speech: He acknowledged the responsibility and asked for the support of the community.
ali ko pehla khalifa mannah
hadeeso se daleel
Hadith of Manzilah:
Reference: The Prophet (PBUH) said to Ali, "You are to me as Harun was to Musa, except that there is no prophet after me."
Source: This hadith is recorded in Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim. Shia scholars argue that just as Harun was the divinely appointed successor of Musa (Moses), Ali was appointed as the successor of Muhammad.
Hadith of the Cloak (Hadith al-Kisa):
Reference: The hadith of the cloak refers to an event where Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) gathered Ali, Fatimah, Hasan, and Husayn under his cloak and declared them his Ahl al-Bayt (family).
Source: Found in Sahih Muslim, Sahih al-Tirmidhi, and Musnad Ahmad bin Hanbal. Shia scholars argue that this demonstrates the special spiritual status of Ali and his descendants.
3.Hadith al-Thaqalayn:
Reference: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "I am leaving behind two precious things (Thaqalayn): the Book of Allah and my Ahl al-Bayt. If you hold onto both, you will never go astray."
Source: This is recorded in Sahih Muslim and Sahih al-Tirmidhi, and Shia scholars interpret it as evidence that leadership should remain within the Prophet's family, particularly with Ali.
Quranic Verse: Surah Al-Ma'idah (5:55):
Reference: "Your ally is none but Allah and [therefore] His Messenger and those who have believed – those who establish prayer and give zakah, and they bow [in worship]."
Interpretation: Shia scholars believe this verse was revealed about Ali when he gave charity while in the state of bowing (ruku') during prayer.
Source: Many Shia and some Sunni scholars, including al-Tabari in his Tafsir, mention this as a reference to Ali's special status.
Event of Ghadir Khumm:
Reference: Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is reported to have said during the event of Ghadir Khumm: "Whomsoever I am his Mawla (guardian/leader), then Ali is his Mawla."
Source: This event is reported in both Shia and Sunni sources, including Sahih Muslim and Musnad Ahmad bin Hanbal. Shia scholars interpret the word "Mawla" to mean spiritual and political leader, while some Sunni scholars see it as a term of close friendship.
quran se daleel
shaio ke daleel ali ke khilafat ko likar
shai ka foundation start hota hai ghadeer se by today shia daleel about hazrat ali
ibadat baqool sunni
namaz
roza
hajj
zaqar
ali ko pehla khalifa mannah