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Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura - Coggle Diagram
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Definition
Rare autoimmune disorder, in which a person's blood doesn't clot properly, because the immune system destroys the blood-clotting platelets.
Clinical presentation
Petechiae / Purpura
Easy bruising
Epistaxis
Menorrhagia
Fatigue
Pathophysiology
Immune dysfunction: autoantibodies
Increased platelet destruction (by spleen)
Bone marrow dysfunction (not producing enough platelets)
Secondary (caused by another disease, eg. HIV)
Examination
Splenomegaly
Bruises / petechiae / purpura
Fatigue
Pallor
Mucosal bleeding
Treatment
Corticosteroids
IVIG
Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists (eg Eltrombopag)
Splenectomy
Investigations
CBC -> thrombocytopenia
Coagulation studies (normal PT and aPTT)
Increased Megakaryocytes (in BM)
Prevention & Risks
Prevention: management of underlying conditions, reviewing medication dosages (like anticoagulants), balanced diet
Risks: more common in women, autoimmune disorder patients, people on blood thinning meds (NSAIDS, anticoagulants)