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Learning Theories - Coggle Diagram
Learning Theories
Behavioral Theories
imply that teachers ought to arrange environmental conditions so
that students respond properly to presented stimuli.
Classical Conditioning (Ivan Pavlov)
Refers to how organisms learn through associations and has applications in various fields, including psychology, education, and behavior therapy.
Operant Conditioning (B.F. Skinner)
Uses rewards and punishment to modify behavior. If a behavior is rewarded it is likely to be repeated, while behavior that is punished is prone to happen less.
Connectionism (Edward Lee Thorndike)
Presents learning as the result of connection between a stimulus and a response.
Social Learning (Albert Bandura)
Emphasizes that people can learn new behaviors by observing others.
Behavioral Motivation
Drive Theory (Hull)
Suggests that motivation is primarily driven by biological needs and the desire to reduce drives associated with those needs
Incentive Theory (B.F. Skinner)
Focus from internal drives to external rewards, providing a framework for understanding how positive reinforcement influences behavior.
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Cognitive Theories
Focus on how understanding how people acquire, process, and store knowledge.
Reception Learning (David Ausbel)
Supports the cognitivist view that individual learn by constructing a network of concepts and adding to them.
Discovery Learning (Jerome Bruner)
An educational approach that emphasizes active engagement and exploration by learners to construct their own understanding and knowledge.
Scaffolding (Lev Vygotsky)
Refers to the support and guidance provided by more knowledgeable others to help learners achieve a higher level of understanding or skill than they could independently.
Insight Learning Theory (Wolfgang Kohler)
Believes learning is a result of an insight or the sudden grasping of the solution, a flash of understanding, without any process of trial and error.
Information Processing Model (George Miller)
It is theorized that the brain works in a set sequence, as does a computer. The sequence goes as follows, "receives input, processes the information, and delivers an output".
Constructivism (Jean Piaget)
Emphasizes that knowledge is not simply transmitted from teacher to student; rather, it is actively built by learners as they engage with their surroundings.
Social Constructivism
Emphasizes the role of social interactions and cultural context in the construction of knowledge.
Cognitive Constructivism
Emphasizes the role of the learner in constructing their own understanding and knowledge through experiences and reflections.
Humanistic Learning
An educational approach that emphasizes personal growth, self actualization, etc.
Hierarchy of Needs (Abraham Maslow)
Suggests that individuals must fulfill lower-level needs before they can address higher-level needs.
Personality Theory (Carl Roger) Emphasizes the importance of self-awareness, self-acceptance, and positive regard in the development of a healthy personality.
Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan)
Suggests that people are motivated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors and emphasizes the importance of self-determination and autonomy in fostering motivation and well-being.
Connectivism
Is a learning theory that emphasizes the role of social and technological networks in the learning process
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