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AMENORRHEA - Coggle Diagram
AMENORRHEA
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ETIOLOGY
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- Chronic illness condition
INVESTIGATION
- History taking & Physical examination
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MANAGEMENT
MEDICATION
Symptomatic
- Tab paracetamol 1g TDS
- Tab ibuprofen 250-500mg
- Depo-provera IM 150mg every 3 month
- Crinone 1.125g intravag OD
PROCEDURE
- clomiphene citrate (CC) therapy
- Estrogen therapy
NURSING CARE
- Rest in bed according supine, recumbent, semi fowler or fowler position
- Taking and monitoring vital sign such as blood pressure, pulse rate, respiration rate, temperature and pain score for show progress toward recovery
- Insert and monitoring intravenous normal saline drip to avoid electrolyte imbalance
- Administration medication according to prescription such as right patient, right medication, right dosage, right route, right time, right documentation, right refuse
- Taking blood specimen and labelling sample for investigation purpose
- Record tracking and saving documentation for support diagnosis and as proof of activities
- Encourage increased intake if the patient has a low body weight
- Counsel and educate patient
HEALTH EDUCATION
- Attending follow up treatment according to the time and date given by doctor
- Take the medication with correct dosage and timing according to doctor prescription 2 time per day (BD), 3 time per day (TDS), 4 time per day (QID), immediately (STAT) when necessary (PRN)
- Consume a balance diet based on the food pyramid such as intake of high protein food, carbohydrate food, vegetables and fruits
- Encourage drinking 8 glasses of boiled water a day to prevent dehydration in body
- Avoid drinking alcohol and smoking cigarettes because it can affect health
- Practice a healthy and active lifestyle by doing light exercise such as jogging, walking, yoga and so on for speedy recovery capability
- Count the menstrual cycle
- Family planning
COMPLICATION
- Infertility and problems with pregnancy
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- Osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease
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TYPE
Primary - The absence of menstrual periods by the age of 16, despite normal growth and secondary sexual characteristic
Secondary - The cessation of menstrual periods in a women who has previously had regularly menstrual cycles
PROGNOSIS
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- Not cure if not treat and can lead to other disease
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
- Hypothalamic dysfunction - stress,
- Low body weight
- Excessive exercise
- Hypothalamic-pituitary axis dysfunction - GnRH Suppression
- Ovarian dysfunction
- Anovulation (PCOS)
- Hormonal imbalance
- Impaired ovarian hormone production
- Decreased estrogen and progesterone
- Disrupted follicular and secretory
- Phases of the menstrual cycle
- Uterine response
- Lack of hormonal stimulating for uterine lining
- Absence of menstrual bleeding
- Feedback mechanism
- Disruption in communication across hypothalamus, pituitary, ovaries and uterus