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5.2 TERRESTRIAL FOOD PRODUCTION SYSTEM AND FOOD CHOICES - Coggle Diagram
5.2 TERRESTRIAL FOOD PRODUCTION SYSTEM AND FOOD CHOICES
TYPE OF FARMING CHOSEN AND LEVELS OF FOOD PRODUCTION DEPENDENT ON:
available financial funds
cultural and env value system
access to vehicles and tech
gov and political initiative
env conditions
farms can specialize in particular types of products
arable farms
will focus on crops such as corn
pastoral farm
focus on rearing animal
mixed
farms focus on both
subsistence farms
- provide food for own use
intensive subsistence
- food for own use and some for sale
organic farming
- prohibits GMOs and chemical pesticides
cash crops
for market only
intensive commercial
- large scale for profit
FACTORS INFLUENCING SUSTAINABILITY OF FOOD PRODUCTION SYSTEM
scale of farming
industrialization
mechanization
fossil fuel used
seed/crop/livestock choices
water use
fertilizers, pest control
antibiotics
legislation
pollinators
MAIN STRANDS OF FOOD SECURITY
food availability
food access
food use
food security: when all people at all times have access to sufficient, safe nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life
threats of the current food crisis
pushing more people into poverty
eroding the development gains that have been achieved in many countries in recent decades
endangering political stability in some countries
IMBALANCE FOOD DISTRIBUTION CAUSED BY
ecological
sociepolitics
economics
FOOD WASTE CAUSED BY:
poor agricultural practices
inadequate infrastructure for transportation
poor storage facilities
strict sell-by dates on supermarket food
buy 1 get free 1 promotions
western consumers demand food to be perfect
FACTORS INFLUENCING CHOICE OF FOOD PRODUCTION
socio-economics
economics
cultural
political
ecological
the yield of food per unit areas from lower trophic level > in quantity, < in cost and require forever resources
TYPES OF FARMING SYSTEMS
COMMERCIAL FARMING
large, profit making scale, maximizing yield per hectare
usually monoculture
high level of tech, energy and chemical input = high outputs
MIX FARMING
both crops and animals
animal waste as fertilizer and improve soil structure, crops are fed to animal
PASTORAL FARMING
raising animals
SUBSISTENCE FARMING
food by framers for their own families or local community
no surplus
human labour high
low input of energy(fossil fuels @ chemicals)
low capital input and and technology