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pointers biology EASE 1 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Macromolecule
        
        A really big molecule, like proteins or DNA.
      - Monosaccharid
        
        A single sugar, like glucose.
      - Polymer
        
        A big structure made of many monomers.
      - Disaccharide
        
        Two sugars linked together, like table sugar.
      - Monomer.
        
        A small building block.
      - Polysaccharide
        
        A chain of many sugars, like starch.
    - - hydrolysis
        
        Water breaks the bond between two sugars in disaccharides or polysaccharides.
      - breaking the bond
        
        Water helps separate the sugar molecules by breaking the glycosidic bond
      - non reducing sugar
        
        Sucrose doesn't react at first, but after hydrolysis, it splits into glucose and fructose, which can then react in the test.
- - - - enzyme concentration
      - inhibitor concentration.
      - pH (using buffer solutions)
      - temperature
      - substrate concentration
  - - - The molecule that the enzyme works on is called the substrate. It fits into the active site like a key in a lock.
    - - When the substrate binds to the active site, it forms an enzyme-substrate complex.
    - - Enzymes have a special spot called the active site where the reaction happens.
    - - Enzymes help the reaction happen faster by lowering the energy needed to start it.
    - - After the reaction, the enzyme releases the products, and it can be used again for another reaction