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PPT 9 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Essentially an area of wetness on land.
  - - - Contains many rivers
      - Among the most fertile land in the UK.
      - Massive peat coverage, effective at storing water.
      - What is a Fen?
        
        A peat producing wetland supplied by mineral rich groundwater
        
        80% of the Fenlands in East Anglia are at least partially dependent on groundwater.
      - Peatlands only cover around 3% of the surface of the early but are the largest store of carbon on land.
      - Recognition of the need to take action to reduce peat loss and prevent the drying out of the pat has been acknowledged and practical action in the Fens is starting to happen.
      - Woodwalton Fen
        
        One of only three places in the UK where Fen Violet is found in the wild
        
        1/2 of the UK's dragonflies
        
        1000 species of moth.
  - - - Soil made up of dead matter is much better at absorbing water than soil made of rocks and minerals
        
        Peat is an amazing water store, like a sponge
        
        Peatlands are three to four times more effective at the storing of water.
        
        Prevents flooding, flat (but peaty) areas will not flood.
  - - - If peatlands remain wet, they cannot oxidise (forming Co2) as they are immersed in Water.
        
        Keeping wetlands wet will prevent climate change.
- - - - This dries out the rainforest
        
        Lower humidity and drought.
  - - - In 2005, more than 70 million hectares of pristine forest experienced drought conditions.
      - Drought caused widespread changes to the forest canopy.
      - These changes were especially notable in the ‘dieback’ of branches and treefalls, especially among older, larger and more vulnerable ‘canopy’ trees that cover the forest.
        
        Older trees suffer most from drought as they need the most water.
        
        Deaths of older trees is more problematic than younger trees
        
        They release more water back into the atmosphere than their smaller counterparts
        
        They store more carbon than younger trees.
- - - - Rainforest will be the principal for us
- - - - Reduction in rainfall
        
        Reduction in evapotranspiration
        
        Lower humidity
        
        Reduction in local small-scale rainfall.
        
        Forest fires
        
        Releases carbon
        
        2 more items...
        
        40% of the rainfall
      - Rainforest loses 60% of its rainfall