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Tissues - cells are organized into tissues (histology), Simple Squamous…

- - - - Exocrine glands - secrete into ducts that open onto the surface.
        
        Structural:
        
        Simple: duct does not branch.
        
        Compound: duct branches before it reaches secretory portion.
        
        Alveolar: terminal portions form sac like dilations.
        
        Tubular: consist of epithelial lined tubes.
        
        Glandular secretion:
        
        Apocrine glands: Lose small part of cell during secretion.
        
        Holocrine glands: Release entire cells.
        
        Merocrine glands: secrete fluid by exocytosis.
- - - - Cells vary in shape, but all reach basement membrane.
      - Often has cilia, goblet cells.
      - Nuclei at 2 or more levels.
      - Protection from infection.
      - Single layer, but appears layered.
      - Lines respiratory passageways.
      - Has cilia to move the mucus.
      - Stratified Squamous Epithelium
        
        Protective layer.
        
        Outermost cells are squamous, deeper cells are cuboidal.
        
        Many cell layers: thick
        
        New cells produced in deep layers, push older cell toward free surface.
        
        Outer layer of skin called the epidermis, is keratinized.
        
        Lines oral cavity, vagina, anal canal.
        
        Thick
        
        Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
        
        More protection than 1 layer.
        
        Lines ducts of mammary sweat, and salivary glands, and pancreas.
        
        2 to 3 layers of cube shaped cells.
        
        Lines ducts (wont need to identify)
        
        Stratified Columnar Epithelium
        
        Top layer of elongated cells.
        
        Cube shaped cells in deeper layers.
        
        Several layers of cells.
        
        Lines part of male urethra, ducts of exocrine glands.
        
        Male urethra (wont need to identify)
        
        Transitional Epithelium
        
        Cube shaped and elongated cells.
        
        Changes shape and appearance with increased tension; stretches.
        
        Many cell layers.
        
        Forms barrier and lining that can expand.
        
        Lines urinary bladder, ureters, and part of urethra.
        
        Stretches.
- - - - Adipose: stores fat, cushion organs (gaps)
      - Areolar: thin and delicate and hold tissues together and nourish overlying epithelial tissue. (Spider web with bugs)
      - Reticular: Supports walls of organs (lightning)
    - - Irregular: can withstand tension, covers the bones (fatty ham)
      - Elastic: Elastic quality (sound waves)
      - Regular: Closely packed fibers and strong, part of tendons (water waves)
  - - - Fibrocartilage: Intervertebral discs, cushions bones in knees and pelvic girdle (lava)
      - Hyaline: Ends of bones in joints, most common, rings of respiratory passages, bones in embryos (eyes)
      - Elastic: External ear (demon eyes)
    - - Compact: rings around central canals (tree stump)
      - Spongy: interior part of bone
      - osteon - a cylinder shaped unit of compact bone composed of concetric lamellae around haversian
      - osteocytes deposit the bone matrix in the form of bony plates with spaces between the
    - - Formed elements: red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets. Also Plasma (dots)
- - - - Neurons: communication
      - Neuroglia: support and nourish neurons