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Urinary Tract Infections - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Admit
- - - - Leucocyte esterase
      - Nitrates
    - - Pyuria (white cells)
      - Bacteriuria
    - - All children <3 with fever
      - Positive dipstick
      - Recurrent UTI
      - Not responding to treatment
- - - - COnsult local Abx guidliens
      - Under 2 months : Triple abx per sepsis guidlines
      - 2m - 16y : Co-amoxicillin and gentamicin (gram -)
- - - - Cannot assess fx
      - Cannot diagnoses VUR
      - Operator dependent
  - - - Function
      - Size, shape, site
  - - - – Posterior urethral valves
      - – Obstructive Uropathies
      - – Gold standard for VUR diagnosis
    - - – Radiation exposure
      - – Invasive
      - – Unpleasant to perform post-infancy
      - – May require sedation
      - – Requires prophylactic antibiotics
- - - - Familial in 30-50% with 1st degree relative
      - Reflux resolves in 10% each year
    - - Post urethral valves
      - Bladder extrophy
      - Ureterocoele
      - Ureter duplication
    - - • To prevent UTI and renal damage
      - • Can spontaneously resolve but less common as puberty approaches
      - • Severe reflux unlikely to resolve
      - • Long-term prophylaxis
      - • Surgical treatment for severe reflux, failure to spontaneously
      - resolve or repeated upper UTI.