Grammar

speculating about the present and the past

present

past

must,may/might,could,can't+V.inf

must have,may/might have,could have,can't have+V3

He might be working late tonight because he has an important deadline.

She could be feeling stressed due to the upcoming exam.

If he had chosen to study abroad, he might have had better job opportunities today.

If he hadn't felt so regretful that day, he could have maintained his friendship with that person.

talking about future

Arrangements:Present continuous

Plans Present:continuous/going to

Predictions:Future simple/going to

Offers and Promises:Future simple

Spontaneous decisions:Future simple

Timetables andFixed schedules:Present simple

They are going to travel to USA next summer.

I will start my new job next week.

future continuous & future perfect

Future continuous

Subject + will + be + V.ing

I will be studying for my exams all weekend.

They will be traveling to Japan during the holidays.

Future perfect

S+ will + have + V.3

By next year, I will have completed my degree.

She will have traveled to five countries by the end of this year.