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Social Influence, Conformity, Obedience, Locus of Control, Minority…
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Conformity
Zimbardo (1973)
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He placed an ad in a newspaper asking for volunteers to help a study of prison life, offering $15 per day for 1-2 weeks. 24 all male, all white applicants were chosen.
Interviewed, took personality tests, no criminal records, drug users, mental health issues etc
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Cons
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all participants were similar - American, men, similar age, IQ, background etc
Asch (1951)
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8 male students were placed around a table. One was the participant. They were asked to look at a line, then pick the line that matched in length. The confederates all picked the wrong answer.
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TASK DIFFICULTY
when the task was harder, people were more likely to conform
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GROUP SIZE
the bigger the group, the more likely we are to conform
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DISSENTER EFFECT
when another person went against the group norm, conformity dropped
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Compliance
:When a person goes along with other people behaviour's or attitudes, but does not believe them to be correct
Identification
When individuals adjust their behaviour ad opinions to those of the group as membership of the group is desirable
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Obedience
Milgram
An Experimenter (Confederate) told the Teacher (Participant) to shock the Learner (Confederate) for every wrong answer to the question, going from 15V to 450V in 15V jumps.
Experimenter would prod the Teacher - "The experiment requires you to continue" "You must continue" etc
After 330V, the Learner would stay quiet
The Learner would complain of heart problems and say that he'd like to stop. The Teacher would contest and the Experimenter would prod.
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Uniform
The Experimenter was called away and replaced by a member of the public (confederate in ordinary clothing)
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Others
Support
The Teacher is given two 'buddies' to sit with them (who are confederates) who also refuse the experimenter
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