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Estrogen ,progesterone, cortisol, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and…
Estrogen ,progesterone, cortisol, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Abstract: An Overview
This article studies the interaction between ovarian hormones, stress, and inflammatory markers in women developing premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).
Focusing on the dynamic changes in the levels of estrogen, progesterone, cortisol, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and
vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with PMDD during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.
This study involves 58 women with PMDD and 50 healthy women evaluating the hormonal levels during three different phases of their mentsual: the preovulation (PO), mid-luteal (ML), and late-luteal (LL) phases
Higher levels of progestogen during the ML or LL phase, or spike in progestogen from ML to PO, or high overall progestogen level during the ML and LL resulted in women to experiences PMDD than the health women.
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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a protein that's found in the brain and spinal cord and plays a key role in the development and maintenance of nerve cells the study found that the BDNF level was negatively correlated with PMDD severity. To simplify the higher the BDNF levels lower the PDMM, and when PDMM levels are higher BDNF levels are lower.
Discussions
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4.4. VEGF concentration
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VEGF plays a pivotal role in increasing vascular permeability and thus enhances luteal function and contributes to the process of decidualization.
VEGF levels are found at higher levels individuals with depression making VEGF a suitable candidate biomarker for major depressive disorder
Highlights
Women with PMDD with a greater increase in progesterone level exhibited a greater increase in PMDD symptoms during the luteal phase.
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Women with PMDD experiences a range of mood, cognitive function, and appetite, and disturbances in sleep patterns during the luteal phase of the mentsrual cycle.
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Grant Connection
I am interested in exploring how hormonal fluctuations across the menstrual cycle affect nutritional needs. The goal is to understand the impact of these hormonal changes, such as estrogen and progesterone shifts, on energy intake, macronutrient preferences, and overall dietary requirements.
This study investigation hormonal fluctuations (estrogen, progesterone) during the menstrual cycle and their impact on PMDD symptom severity.
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