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Module 1- Cells as a basis of life - Coggle Diagram
Module 1- Cells as a basis of life
IQ1: what distinguishes a cell from one another
cell theory
all things are make up of cells
cells are the basic structural and functional unit of organisms
all cells come from pre-existing cells
cell structure: classification of cells
Prokaryotes(unicellular organisms)
primitive cells (beginning)
smaller (0.1-5 micrometers)
high SA:V ratio
Eg; archaea and bacteria
MAIN STRUCTURES: Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosome, genetic material
Eukaryotes (uni and multicellular)
more complex and larger then prokaryotic cells
10-100 micrometers
Eg: multicellular plants and animals
Amoeba
fungi
STRUCTURE: membrane bound organelles
Endosymbiosis
one cell engulfs another
Organelles
Cytoplasm
supporting organelles
Nucleus
storing cells DNA
responsible for the cells growth, reproduction ect
chloroplasts
photosynthesis
vacuole (sac like structure)
stores minerals such as water, waste, and proteins
endoplasmic reticulum
Transport
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
rough endoplasmic reticulum (ribosomes)
Ribosomes
make protein
Golgi bodies
Soring and processing proteins inside and outside of the cell (like a post office)
Lysome
digest and remove waste from cells
contain digestive enzymes
Mitochondria (powerhouse of the cell)
Produces ATP
cell wall
support and protection
cytoskeleton
support shape and movement
Technology
light microscope
Light source passes through a condenser lens then through the specimen
beam passes through the convex lenses and the image is magnified
magnifies up to 1500x and maximum solution of 200 nanometers
fluorescence microscope
better resolution then the light microscope
sample is labelled with fluroscent dye
illuminated by light
Electron microscope
electron beams
greater resolution due to shorter wavelengths
Biological drawings
cell size 1mm is 1000 micrometers
size of object/cells=fit number
field of view is field number/eyepiece x objective
Fluid Mosaic model
selectively permeable: allows certain molecules and ions into and out of the cell
phospholipid bilayer
phosphate heads are hydrophilic (able to absorb water)
contains phosphate
tails are hydrophobic (can't absorb water)
fatty acid tail
Factors that affect the membrane
Cholesterol:
gives stability to membrane
reduces permeability to smaller water molecules
temperature
increases so does fluidity
proteins
some penetrate the whole way through the membrane