Unit 1 Review
Types of Bonds
Cohesion vs. Adhesion
8 characteristics of life
Variables of an Experiment
Polar vs. Non-Polar
What Makes An Element / Atom
Hydrophilic vs. Hydrophobic
Observation, Inference, Hypothesis
CHNOPS
Carbon is Important
Solvent vs. Solute
Hydrophilic materials are 'water-loving' and have a tendency to be wetted by water.
Hydrophobic materials are 'water-fearing', and do not mix with water
Most common elements of life
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur.
Made of Cells
Reproduction
Based on a Universal Genetic Code
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Growth and Development
Need for materials and energy
Response to the Environment
Maintaining Internal Balance
Evolution
An observation is data collected by using our senses.
An inference is a reason proposed to explain an observation.
A hypothesis is a chosen inference that the scientist will attempt to confirm or disprove through testing.
Independent Variable
A variable that is changed
Dependent Variable
A variable that is tested for change
Control Variable
Variables that aren’t altered during the experiment
Control
Unchanged component to refer back to when comparing data
It Contains
Neutrons
Protons
Electrons
1 = Hydrogen, 2 = Helium, 3 = Lithium, 4 = Beryllium, 5 = Boron, 6 = Carbon.
An element is defined by the number of protons in the nucleus
A chemical bond formed when electrons are shared between two atoms.
Covalent
An ionic bond can be formed after two or more atoms loss or gain electrons to form an ion.
Ionic
An attraction between two atoms that already participate in other chemical bonds.
Hydrogen
It’s the 4th most abundant element
Found in nearly every molecule in a living organism
The main ingredient in organic molecules
Has 4 electrons in its outer shell and can form four bonds
Forms covalent bonds
Polar means there is unequal sharing of electrons
Nonpolar means equal sharing.
Cohesion is the attraction between the molecules or atoms of the same substance.
Adhesion is the attraction between the molecules of two different substances
A solvent is a substance in which a solute is dissolved.
A solute is a substance that can be dissolved into a solution by a solvent.