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Week 5 Reading - Coggle Diagram
Week 5 Reading
Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer
Epidemiology of Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer
Increasing Incidence
Shift in Age Distribution
Geographic Patterns
Disproportionate Impact
Risk Factors for Young-Onset CRC
Genetic Predisposition
Lifestyle Factors
Dietary patterns
physical inactivity
obesity
consumption of red/processed meats
Environmental Exposure
antibiotic use
Western-style diets
Gut Microbiome
Pathophysiology and Mechanisms
Molecular Characteristics
Tumor Location
Genetic Mutations
Epigenetics
Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment
Late Diagnosis
Young individuals are less likely to be screened for CRC
Symptoms Overlooked
In younger people, symptoms such as rectal bleeding, altered bowel habits, and unexplained weight loss may be mistaken for benign illnesses.
Screening Guidelines
Current CRC screening guidelines generally recommend starting at age 50.
Implications for Public Health
Awareness
Targeted Interventions
Research Gaps
Evidence-Based Public Health
Deciding on public health policies, practices, and programs using the best available scientific data.
The P.E.R.I.E. Approach
Problem
Etiology
Recommendations
Implementation
Evaluation
Types of Evidence
randomized controlled trials
cohort studies
case-control studies
systematic reviews
Strength of Evidence
When determining which public health treatments have the best chance of succeeding, the quality of the data is crucial. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews are at the top of the evidence ladder.
Balancing Evidence with Practical Considerations
Public health decisions must consider multiple factors, including cost, feasibility, community acceptance, and the importance of evidence.
Epidemiology
Epidemiological studies provide important insights into potential treatments by assisting in the identification of trends and causes of health issues.
Implementation Science
This area of study examines practical obstacles and hurdles to successful implementation when applying evidence-based therapies in real-world contexts.
Continuous Evaluation
Ongoing evaluation is required to ensure that interventions continue to be effective and to make necessary modifications based on feedback and results.
Strokes in Young Adults
Epidemiology
Increasing Incidence
Younger Population Impact
Stroke Subtypes
Gender Differences
Risk Factors in Young Adults
Traditional Risk Factors
Hypertension
diabetes
hyperlipidemia
smoking
obesity
Non-traditional Risk Factors
arterial dissections
illicit drug use
genetic disorders
autoimmune diseases
Lifestyle Factors
Sedentary lifestyle
poor diet
excessive alcohol consumption
Prevention Strategies:
Primary Prevention
Encouraging lifestyle modifications such as healthy diet
regular exercise
smoking cessation
controlling hypertension
diabetes from an early age
Secondary Prevention
anticoagulation therapy for patients with cardioembolic stroke
antiplatelet therapy
Awareness and Education
(FAST: Face, Arms, Speech, Time)
Tailored Strategies
Outcomes and Challenges
Disability
Delayed Diagnosis
Research Gaps