There are four various concepts that cooperates with one another to make a character's image. These are the connections that characters have, transformations, accumulation and repetition.

Narrative - fiction lives on the successful attraction that their characters have.

Characters are similar to people. Literature was made for people and it was also made about and by them as well.This is so true that the readers forget it sometimes but it has a lot of issues that the readers suppress it a lot.

Spaces work in various manners. Sometimes they work as frames, other times they are thematized.

In terms of narrative rhythm, the connection that time has with space is considered to be vital. On the occasion that the space is shown with a lot of detail, what would be inevitable would be an interference with the time sequence.

Hearing, touch and sight are a part of how space is viewed.

In many fabulas some actors that do not possess any practical role for how the fabula is structured due to the fact that they do not experience or bring about any practical events.

The actant is a type of actor that possesses a connection to the type of telos which makes up the concept that makes up the fabula.

Sometimes the actant are what they are on the surface level.

Magical realism embodies the traditions found in Africa and the resolution of the rationalism of Europeans.

Magical realism goes further than linking the narrative strands of postmodernism and realism.

Questions were brought up in relation to responsibility, social duty and political participation.

Community may relay the story how they want and it is them that possesses said story.

The want to go back to the past and reevaluate its insinuations for coevality indicated how essential it is in order to reconcile and to rebuild identity.

Whilst the disillusionment spread, the literature showcased the socio-economic imbalance as well as how the new regime was unsuccessful.

Authors looked at the socio-political context and showed a reality that was disheartening and complicated.

Post-apartheid literature admired the new democratic era and looked at themes such as reconciliation.

Baccolini and Moylan gave a helpful overview for waves of literature that showcased the eutopian, a different but better society or the dystopian, a different society that is worse.

Baccolini and Moylan characterises Brave New World by Aldous Huxley and 1984 by George Orwell as archetypal types of dystopia.

These works shows readers the supposed destructive results of going down a collective behaviour route.

In South Africa, during the 1980s, it was the bleakest of times, and hopelessness persisted.

During the 1990s, hope was provided and this mood of hopelessness moved to a post-apartheid way of thinking where cultured relativism was being inspected.

Moxyland sets out a different society that is materialistic and technological and shows the violence that is evident today.

Moxyland illustrates the employment of critical dystopia within works that are South African.

The dystopian framework is filled with the remnants of torturing people and soulless technology.

In denying South Africa's social grand narratives, Beukes bears the postmodernist values.

Zoo City would be a pastiche of different literary techniques such as emails and online forums. Visually, these techniques are highlighted by means of the different typography bringing Beukes's formal experimentation into the focus of the reader.

Beukes ignores the boundaries that fiction has with fact by means of intertwining the plot as well as the characters into an environment that is realistic.

Magical realism is considered as a narrative technique in which the author uses characteristics of magic within an environment that is supposedly realistic.