Behavior is learned through interactions with the environment, where responses are shaped by stimuli.

It is used to weaken or eliminate undesirable behavior by introducing an unpleasant outcome or removing a positive stimulus.

Positive reinforcement strengthens behavior by providing a reward, while negative reinforcement strengthens behavior by removing an unpleasant stimulus.

Learning occurs when an individual responds to a stimulus, and this response is reinforced or weakened by rewards or punishments.

There is a period in early childhood when the brain is most receptive to language learning.

Humans are born with a built-in ability to acquire language, known as the "Language Acquisition Device" (LAD).

All humans share a common underlying grammar

Laraning is not imitated behaviour but it is genetically determinated capacity.

it refers to the gap between what a learner can do alone and what they can achieve with guidance.

language learners acquire language best when they are exposed to “comprehensible input” that is slightly above their current proficiency level (often referred to as "i+1").

Acquisition is the subconscious process of absorbing language through communication, while learning is the conscious process of studying rules and grammar.

This theory proposes that language learners acquire grammatical structures in a predictable order, regardless of the language being learned or the learner's first language.

Conscious learning (grammar rules) acts as a "monitor" that checks and edits language output.

This theory posits that emotional factors like anxiety, motivation, and self-confidence can influence language acquisition. A “low affective filter”