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Strategies for effective teaching and learning - Coggle Diagram
Strategies for effective teaching and learning
Future practice and planning
Classroom management
Strategies for creating emotionally safe and
inclusive learning environments
The Pygmalion Effect
Positive Classroom Culture
Respect and Safety
Address bullying/discrimination
Model respectful interactions
Offer support services
Provide anti-bias education
Communicate the policy
Promote awareness
Model respectful interactions
Valuing Each Student
Opportunities for choice
Choice in seating and workspaces
Choice of topics
Empathy and understanding
Growth mindset
Encourage learning from mistakes
Encourage risk-taking
Innovative assignments
Role playing and simulations
Reflect and adapt
Emphasise effort over talent
Track progress
Use language carefully
High Expectations
Consistent Communication
Group discussions
Parent-teacher communication
Individual conferences
Belief in Student Potential
Specific constructive feedback
Encourage self-efficacy
Support and guidance
Resilience building
Personalise goals
Support and encouragement
Regular Feedback
Encourage self-assessment
Timely and specific
Positive Reinforcement
Acknowledge achievements
Reward positive behaviour
Inclusive behaviour
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Emphasise Diversity
Incorporate Diverse Perspectives
Celebrate cultural events
Engage with the community
Research and select events
Model Inclusivity
Promote equal participation
Address biases
Demonstrate respect
Related theories
Bandura's Social Learning theory
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Model respect
Positive reinforcement
Model inclusion
Vygotsky's Sociocultural theory
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
Guidance
Assistance
Social Interaction and Learning
Promote Emotional Well-being
Positive classroom climate
Positive Relationships
Value feelings
Develop relationships
classroom environment
Lights, colour
Temperature
Seating plan
Self-Awareness
Promote self-reflection
Teach emotions
Encourage healthy relationships
Positive peer interactions
Guided discussions
Related theories
Vygotsky's sociocultural theory
Social interactions
Cultural practices
Create a Safe Environment
Related theories
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Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Belongingness
Esteem needs
Safety needs
Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory
Microsystem
Classroom environment
Mesosystem
Family-School connection
Exosystem and Macrosystem
Cultural values
Community norms
School policies
Strategies
Winning over
Active listening
Value opinions
Validate feelings
Positive communication
Acknowledge effort
Constructive feedback
Consistency and fairness
Fair treatment
Consistent expectations
Positive cohesive bonding
Shared goals
Sense of unity
Team building activities
Effective bonding
Promote collaboration
Inclusiveness
Differentiated instruction
Accomodate different abilities
Equitable access
Materials
Oppurtunities
Cultural competence
Recognise diverse backgrounds
Integrate multicultural perspectives
Curriculum
Classroom activities
Safe environment
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Safe physical space
Clean & well-organised
Quiet corner
Clear expectations and boundaries
Post and Review
Collaborative creation
Fairness and consistency
Immediate feedback
Involve Families and Communities
Community resources
Cultural festivals
Family nights
Youth programs
Decision making
School committees
Advisory boards
Educational involvement
Parent-teacher conferences
Community seminars
Classroom voluntering
Behaviour management
Prevention
Goals of misbehaviour
Revenge
Retaliation or anger
Acting out against peers/teachers
Expressing frustration
Display of
Inadequacy
Avoidance
Fear of failure
Acting out to escape responsibility
Power
Challenging authority
Refusing to follow directions
Testing boundaries
Attention
Creating a scene
Talking out of turn
Disruptive actions
Prevention strategies
Set clear expectations
Specific & measurable
Communicate expectations early
Establish routines
Predictability
Time efficiency
Build positive relationships
Increased engagement
Emotional support
Preventive classroom layout
Smooth transitions
Minimise distractions
Clear instructions
Restate important information
Be specific
Consistency
Build trust
Stable environment
Reduces power struggles
Response
BUMPS theory
Bump 1
Low key responses
Gestures
Proximity
Eye contact
Bump 2
Squaring off
Tactical ignoring
Brief intervention
Bump 3
Choice
Use neutral language
Related to behaviour
Bump 5
Power struggles
Minimise confrontation
Provide options
Document incidents
Bump 6
Informal chat
Comfortable environment
Focus on specific issues
Bump 4
Implied choice
Contextual consequences
Classroom participation/conduct
Bump 7
Formal contacts
Gather information
Involve all parties
Bump 8
In school suspension
Explain the reason
Record details
Bump 9
Out of school suspension
Assess severity
Notify parents/guardians
Bump 10
Expulsion
Follow legal procedure
Detailed records
Assess severity
Response strategies
Address misbehaviuor immediately
Conduct formal chats
Structured meetings
Involve parents/guardians
Non-verbal cues
Look
Gentle tap on table
De-escalation techniques
Empathy
Active listening
Offer choices
Negative reinforcement
Different forms of misbehaviour
Racism
Talking back
Inappropriate language
Throwing things
Bullying
Call out
Related theories
Skinner's Behaviourism theory
Reinforcement
Positive
Praise
Reward
Negative
Removal of extra work
Punishment
Consequences for undesirable behaviour
Examples
Token system
Reward chart
Maslow's humanism theory
Emotional needs
Ensure safety
Feel belonged
Psychological needs
Oppurtunities for success
Self-esteem
Example
Praise
Reward
Kounin's model
Overlapping
Multitasking
Ripple effect
Clarity
Firmness
With-it-ness
Monitor classroom
Redirect behaviours
Early preventive scanning
Bandura's social learning theory
Model positive behaviour
Control emotions
Respect
Positive reinforcement
Comprehensive assessment techniques
Quality assessment, feedback and moderation
Quality assessment principles
Fair
Equal opportunity
Avoid biases
Inclusive, accessible design
Explicit
Accessible criteria
Clear expectations
Reliable
Types
Inter-rater
Similar results for different assessors
Intra-rater
Marking consistency of individual assessor
Stability
Same answers over time
Internal consistency
Consistent performance
Key points
Repeatability over time
Accurate performance measurement
Consistency in results
Improvement strategies
Clear rubrics and criteria
Assessor training
Standardised assessment conditions
Double marking
Feasible
Familiar structure
Time requirements
Valid
Key points
Measures intended skills/knowledge
Alignment with learning outcomes
Validity evidence
Face
Clear alignment
Consequential
Equitable decisions
Criterion
Success in advanced courses
Comparison with standardised tests
Construct
Theoretical alignment
Item analysis
Content
Alignment with learning outcomes
Educative
Motivational
Focused on improvement
Long term learning
Feedback
Importance
Promotes engagement
Supports achievement
Enhances learning
Characteristics
Specific
Actionable
Timely
Clarity
Regular
Stratgies
Depend on assessment type
Self
Peer
Formative
Summative
Related theories
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Vygotsky's Constructivism theory
Scaffolding
Initial detailed feedback
Gradually reduced feedback
ZPD
Guided performance based on feedback
Maslow's Humanism theory
Supports intrinsic motivation
Enhances self esteem
Moderation
Purpose
Quality assurance
Fairness
Consistency
Transparency
Strategies
Standardisation
Sample review
Training sessions
Calibration meetings
Use the evidence
Related theories
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Assessment strategies
Objective
Key points
Measurable
Fixed responses
Easy to grade
Examples
True/false
Matching questions
Multiple-choice questions
Purpose
Test factual knowledge
Test recall
Subjective
Key points
Qualitative response
Interpretation of meaning
Examples
Open ended questions
Short answer questions
Essay
Purpose
Analytical skills
Higher order thinking
Argumentation/reasoning
Performance
Key points
Hands on
Practical evaluation
Knowledge application
Examples
Presentations
Experiments
Skill demonstrations
Purpose
Real world application
Assess cognitive skills
Authentic
Key points
Contextual
Integrative tasks
Examples
Project
Case study
Portfolio
Purpose
Assess critical thinking
Problem solving
Creativity
Visual
Key points
Visual spatial learning
Understanding of relationships
Example
Concept map
Mind map
Venn diagram
T or Y chart
Purpose
Visual representation
Conceptual understanding
Organisation ability
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ICT
Effective teaching practices
Didactic
Related theories
Vygotsky's Constructivism theory
Key points
Guided learning
Within students' capacity
Bridge the gaps
Examples
Guided practice
Transitioning to independence
Bloom's taxonomy
Key points
Hierarchy
Creating to remembering
Direct instruction
Progressing to analysis
Examples
Fact recall quiz
Listing elements
Behaviourist learning theory
Examples
Token systems
Key points
Punishments
Observable behaviour
Rewards
Bandura's Social learning theory
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Teaching strategies
Gradual release
Minimise cognitive load
Use visual aids
Written examples
Clear objectives
Encourage participation
Differentiate support
Shifts responsibility
Direct instruction
Structured lessons
Highly organised
Step by step sequence
Modeling
Task demonstration
Teacher centred
Clear explanations
Frequent assessments
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Guided practice
Practice problems together
Explicit teaching
Clear learning objectives
Clear instructions
Easy to understand
Manages behaviours
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Breaking down complex tasks
Reviews
Immediate feedback
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Cooperative
Related theories
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Examples
Round robin
Think-pair-share
Structured
Promote interdépendance
Foster accountability
Supports diversity
Visual
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ICT