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Mind Map 4, Evidence-based Public Health, Strokes in young adults-…
Mind Map 4
Evidence-based Public Health
Five questions provide a framework for defining, analyzing, and addressing a wide range of public health issues. These five questions are known as the P.E.R.I.E process.
Problem: What is the health problem?
Etiology: What is/are the contributory cause(s)?
Recommendations: What works to reduce the health impacts?
Implementation: How can we get the job done?
Evaluation: How well does/do the intervention(s) work in practice?
In defining a health problem the first step is to describe its burden of disease. Which is the disability and death caused by the disease.
We also need to look at the course of the disease. Which is how often it occurs, how likely it is to be present currently, and what happens once it occurs
We also look at what is the distribution of disease. Which is who gets the disease, where are they located, and when does the disease occur.
Everything they look at is to help create hypotheses about the cause of the disease.
Epidemiologists look at the person and place to try and find patterns. The person is characteristic that describe people such as their age, sex, race, and socioeconomic factors. Place refers to the geographic location.
Strokes in young adults- epidemiology and prevention
While strokes in young adults is considered uncommon, it is one of the highest causes of disability. Only about 10-15% of stroke patients are young adults.
Leaving young adult stroke patients disabled has a larger economic affect than it does on older patients. This leaves them disabled in their most productive years.
Risk factors aren't the same between the older and younger age groups. In the older age group the main risk factors are hypertension, heart disease, and diabetes mellitus. While in the young adult age group the risk factors are dyslipidemia, smoking and hypertension.
In most studies the most common etiology amount young stroke patients is a stroke of undetermined etiology. Cardioembolic stroke accounts for up to one third of ischemic strokes in young adults.
Hemorrhagic stroke accounts for up to 50% of all strokes that occur under the age of 45 years. Just like older patients hypertension is a frequent cause of intracerebral hemorrhage.
Drug use is associated with the cause of hemorrhagic stroke.
The primary treatment strategy for stroke is prevention.
Primary stroke prevention is aim to reduce the risk of stroke in asymptomatic subjects. Such as managing known vascular risk factors.