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REALISM in Crime - Coggle Diagram

- - - - He is linked to the New Right perspective and has advocated privatization and personal responsibility rather than state control
      - Influenced by ideas of neo-liberal economics which suggests reduced state spending and lower taxation - provides people with more choice and greater independence
    - - He has argued that there is an existence of an underclass in society
      - This group exists on the edge of mainstream society, and lack socialisation into norms and values of society
      - Decline of traditional family values, with lone parents, high unemployment and dependent on welfare
    - - He has been critical of welfare dependency - permissive policies that have promoted idleness and illegitimacy
      - Suggested that their was an underclass of 'idle young men' being inadequately socialized by lone parents - lacked male role models to discipline
    - - New Right model looks to traditional functionalist gender roles, particularly the instrumental role of father providing discipline
      - His argument suggests that in the underclass many fathers shirk responsibility and are absent - leaving their sons to be inadequately
    - - Young males lack motivation and resilience, according to Murray, that is provided by father figures
      - Look to earn through working in shadow economies - counterfeit goods, drug dealing, low-level security work
      - Gain status through masculinity and not conforming to social norms and values
    - - Influenced Conservative policy on welfare and family life
      - Media commentary on the role of working-class and black fathers
      - Application of parenting classes for parents of delinquent children
    - - Criticised for basing work on negative stereotypes of working-class and ethnic-minority groups
      - Ignores structural inequality created by neo-liberal economic policy, including the privatisation of traditional male-dominated industries
      - Existence of underclass can be seen to be reductionist view
      - blaming the victims and suggesting poverty is a lifestyle choice