Biology Module 3: Biological Diversity

IQ1: Effects of the Environment on Organisms

Selection Pressures #

Drives Natural Selection

Biotic

Abiotic

Non-Living

Living

Ecosystems

Competition

Predation

Disease causing agents - pathogens

Trees - Habitat

Soil pH

Temperature

Shelter

Light

Rainfall

Climate

Combination of all the biotic factors living in a community interacting with abiotic factors

types

Grasslands

Woodlands

Desert

Aquatic

Rainforest

Freshwater

Saltwater

Example

Cane Toad

Introduced Species

Acts on

Red-bellied Black Snakes

Size of head

Northern Quoll

Prolific breeders

Used as a biological control for cane beetles

Biological ___

No natural Predators

Faster & larger

Invasion Front

Food Aversion Gene

Abundance

Distribution

IQ2: Adaptions

Structural

Behavioral

Physiological

Internal Processes

How they Function

Physical Characteristics

How they Act

Charles Darwin

Galapagos Islands

Finches

Beak Size & Shape

Australia

Platapus

Water Vole - England

Natural Selection

VASRP

Different Finches on Different Islands

Speciation

Arboreal or land

IQ3: Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection #

Accumulation of Microevolution

Macroevolution

e.g. Horse

Shorter Periods

Millions of Years

Results in new Species

No Speciation

New Variaitons

Number of Digits

Teeth Size & Shape

Size of Organism Increased

Environment

Over 50 millions Years

Type of Evidence

Transitional Fossils

Types of Evolution

Divergent

Convergent

Same Environment (selection pressures)

Recent Common Ancestor

Adaptive Radiation

Homologous Structures

E.g. Dolphins & Sharks

E.g.

Punctuated Equilibrium vs, Gradualism

IQ4: Evidence of Evolution

Homogolous