Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
extra reading week 3, Susie Nash, Northern Renaissance Art, Department of…
-
Susie Nash, Northern Renaissance Art
there was a shift towards the production of luxury goods by Netherlandish towns
- this begun in the late fourteenth century
What ensured high levels of demand for visual culture?
- the most prominent universty in Europa
- As well as the king and queen in the late fourteenth century the princes of the blood, all avid consumers of luxury goods
- they used Paris as their principal residence
- they all embellished their hotels here
- Paris was also where the great ecclesiastics of France the archbishops of Rheims, Sens and Rouen as well as a host of lesser bishops and many wealthy abbots such as that of Cluny had their residences
The heraldic displays in this book are extraordinary and permeate every part of its imagery:
- while they were usually confined to the borders of manuscripts
- this extensive dsiplay of heraldry is more than a mark of ownership or a statement of status: it is a method of association, in this case between the religious figures and Bouciaut
- Emphasised again and again as the devives, colours and arms run through image after image as the pages are turned
- this is about his devotion
-
The consequence of: a mad king Charles VI, famine, plague, civil unrest, and occupation by the English in the years around 1420 proved ruinous to most of the luxury industres in paris
The population plummeted, demand dried up with the new English Rulers. less interested in commissioning art objects; tapestry weaving disappeared, gold smiths were very short of business, and although manuscript illumination survived many artists left the capital
-
in Brussels in the fifteenth century whole areas of the city were rebuilt to accomodate the mushrooming population
the markets certainly acted as points where goods could be brought on spec from early in the fifteenth century including most notably small panels, manuscripts, books, and prints, sculpture but also larger flexible items like:
- cloth paintings
- tapestries
What helped ensure the distribution of Netherlandish specialities far and wide?:
- the advantages of these centres with their highly developed markets for purchasing luxury gooods were clear:
- they offered ease of usde, sheer concentration of ready made works for immediate sale, opportunities to order speedily produced, high quality customized objects, the infrastructure to pack and dispatch these goods, they were situated at the convergence of major land and sea trade routes
Department of European Paintings. ‘Architecture in Renaissance Italy.’ In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metro
-
A pilgrimage to Rome to study the ancient buildings and ruins, especially the Colosseum and Pantheon, was considered essential to an Architecht's training
Classical orders and architectural elemetns such as columns, pilasters, pediments, etablatures, arches and domes form the vocabulary of Renaissance buildings
As in the classical world, Renaissance architecture is characterized by Harmonious form, mathematical proportion and a unit of measurement based on the human scale
Three key figures in Renaissance architecture were
- Filippo Brunelleschi
- Leon Battista Alberti
- Andrea Palladio
Filippo Brunelleschi 1377-1446
- Widel considered the first Renaissance architect
Among his greatest accomplishments is:
- enigneering the dome of Florence Catherdral - Santa Maria del Fiore = Duomo
- He was also the first since antiquity to use the classical orders:
- Doric
- Ionic
- Corinthian
in a consistentt and appropriate manner
Leon Battista Alberti 1404-1472
- was accomplished as an architect, humanist, musician and art theorist
Andrea Palladio 1508-1580)
due to the new demand for villas in the sixteenth century
- Palladio specialised in domestic architecture
- Palladio's villas are often centrally planned, drawing on Roman models of Country Villas
The villa Emo (Treviso, 1559) and The Villa Rotonda (Vicenza, 1566-69)
- Both plans rely on classical ideas of symmetry, axiality and clarity
- The simplicity of Palladian designs allowed them to be easily reproduced in Rural England and later, on southern plantations in the American colonies
Vitruvis
- Town planning / civil engineering
- building materials
- Temples and orders of architecture
- contamination Book III
- civil buildings
- Domestic buildings
"Triad" of characteristics associated with architecture:
- utillitas, firmitas and venustas
Principles of good architecture
- order = arrangement of parts
eurythymy
- symmetry
- propriety
- economy
The classical or Vitruvian orders:
- Doric = fluted or smooth columns with no base & round capitals (the top part) This is the earliest and plainest order. Associated with masculinity. There is a very plain version valled; The Tuscan order
2.Ionic is usually lfuted, slender columns, a separate rounded base, and capitals with volutes the curly tops associated with feminity
- Corinthian. Fluted columhns, with elaborate capitals, including volutes and acantgys leaf decoration. This is the order developed last and the fanciest classical order
-
Artist
Leon Battista Alberti 1404-1472
- was accomplished as an architect, humanist, musician and art theorist
- Alberti aspired to re-create the glory of ancient times through architecture
- For Alberti, architecture was not merely a means of constructing buildings, it was a way to create meaning
His facades of the Tempio Malatestiano (Rimini,1450) and The church of Santa Maria Novella (Florence, 1470) are based on:
Roman Temple Fronts
His deep understanding of the principles of classical architecture are also seen in The church of Sant'Andrea (Mantua, 1470)*
- The columns are not used decoratively
but
- retain their classical function as load-bearing supports