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1879- Wundt & Introspection - Coggle Diagram
1879- Wundt & Introspection
Wundt set up the first psychological laboratory for research at the University of Leipzig, which was considered the beginning of psychology as a separate science
1900- Psychodynamic- Freud
Sigmund Freud published his landmark book, "Interpretation of Dreams
'The Interpretation of Dreams is a book presenting his theory of dreams and how to interpret them.
He used this to understand the unconscious and its role in human life. He stated that dreaming was a mental activity that followed its own logic.
1913- Behaviourism- Watson and skinner
Watson's 'Behaviourist Manifesto' viewed psychology as a natural science with the goal of prediction and control of behaviour.
He mentioned that how babies were raised was a determining factor of how they acted regardless of parents or genetics. A popular experiment for this was Pavlov's dogs.
1950's- Humanism- Rogers & Maslow
Abraham Maslow and Carl Roger, both human psychologists, focused on the growth potential of healthy individuals. They believe that people strive to become self actualized
Their theory was that the optimal psychological state for all humankind is self-actualization which is an individuals potential within a synergistic society
1950's- Cognitive Psychology
This revolution begins to reshape psychology as it focusses on internal mental processes such as perception, memory and problem solving
George A. Miller emphasized the limits of human cognitive processing capacity and introduces the idea of chunking as a strategy for handling information
1960's- SLT- Bandura
Bandura published 'Social Learning and Personality Development' (SLT) which developed the concept of social learning, emphasizing the role of cognitive processes in learning from others.
Albert Bandura conducted the famous Bobo Doll experiment demonstrating that children learn aggressive behaviours through observation and imitation of role models
1980's- Biological
In biological psychology, people made advancements in brain imaging such as PET scans, which allowed real-time observation of brain activity and its relation to behaviour and mental processes.
Studies in the brain structure became more detailed, and the development of psychotropic medications provided insights into biochemical treatments for mental health conditions.
21st century- Cognitive neuroscience
Advancements in Imagine and Analysis: Innovations in brain imagine technologies have significantly improved the ability to map and analyse the brain activity. This allowed psychologists to understand how these cognitive processes are affected by mental disorders.
Expanded research focus: Cognitive neuroscience had broadened its scope to include the higher order cognitive functions and the impact of aging as well as brain injuries. This lead to more understandable insights into brain structure-function relationships
Overall
Overall, the psychological developments from 1879 to the 21st century, helped psychologists understand human behaviour and the way our brain works
From focussing on introspection and experimental methods to a field integrating biological, cognitive and social perspectives, this development allowed scientists to get deep insights into peoples minds.