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Separation Techniques - Coggle Diagram
Separation Techniques
Distillation
Definition
Distillation is the process of separating a mixture by heating it, turning it into steam, and then cooling the steam back into a liquid based on different boiling points.
Apparatus
Boiling Chips/Stones, Evaporating dish/flask, Condenser, tripod, wire gauze/mesh, Thermometer, Reciever, Bunsen Burner
Functions
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Evaporating Dish/flask
They are used for the evaporation of liquids and solutions to produce a solid substance or concentrated solutions
Condenser
Cool the vapors of the components of the mixture, allowing them to condense to liquid form and be collected
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Wire Gauze/Mesh
Provides a stable, heat-resistant surface for containers such as flasks, beakers, and test tubes, and helps to distribute heat evenly
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Receiver
The concentrated or purified liquid, called the distillate, is collected
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Filtration
Definition
Filtration is a method used to separate solid particles from a liquid or gas by passing the mixture through a filter. The filter traps the solid particles while allowing the liquid or gas to pass through.
Magnetic Attraction
Definition
Magnetic attraction is a method used to separate magnetic materials from non-magnetic ones. A magnet can pull magnetic objects, like iron, out of a mixture, leaving the non-magnetic materials behind.
Evaporation to Dryness
Definition
Evaporation to dryness is a separation technique where a liquid is heated until it evaporates, leaving behind the solid residue.
Chromatography
Definition
Chromatography is a technique used to separate the parts of a mixture by moving them through a special surface, like paper. As a liquid or gas flows through, the different parts move at different speeds, causing them to separate into distinct bands or spots.