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U17b. Location in space: place, direction, distance - Coggle Diagram
U17b. Location in space: place, direction, distance
4. Direction and movement in English
Linguistic + cultural understanding when interpreting
(Costa Concordia disaster, miscommunication)
Prepositions of direction and movement
to vs from, into vs out of, across vs along
Adverbs and Adv.Phrs
A: manner of movement (forward)
A.P.: specific directional context (towards the north)
Verbs of motion
Verbs: directly express movement (run)
Phrasal vbs: add nuanced meanigs to the act of moving (pull away)
Nouns phrases - concepts of movement and direction
(a step back)
Idiomatix expressions - movement metaphorically (hit the road)
Metaphorial lg - movement abstractly (through a difficult time)
Cultural variations, different interpretations
- ≠ cultures, ≠ space/direction conceptualisation
Relative direction (left/right) - Western Cultures. S/L's orientationAbsolute direction (north, south, east...) - other cultures. Fixed geographical directionSome cultures, spatial orientation <-- Earth
5. Expression of distance
(Greenlandic cross-cultural misinterpretation); importance of precise prepositions in expressing distance
Prep. of distance - near/close to, within, beyond...
Vb and Verb.Phr
some vbs --> distance (span)
Noun Phrases - descriptive way to express distance (light years away)
Idiomatic expression - paiting pictures w/ words --> not so obvious meaning
(a stone's throw away)
Metaphorical lg - distance to describe abstract ideas
(worlds apart)
6. Concept of localisation + cognitive linguistics
Localisation = mental organisation of space. Influenced by lg + culture --> lingusitic relativity
expression of distance = result of cognitive processing
Space in lg
≠ lgs, ≠ space conceptualisation
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Describing Distance
not just spatial perception but abstract and quantifiable
C.L. how ≠ lgs conceptualise distance, whether measured or estimated (subjective)
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Metaphors and spatial lg - George Lakoff's theory
cognitive processes intertwined with bodily experiences
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