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Yellow Spots Below the Eye - Coggle Diagram
Yellow Spots Below the Eye
Hypertension
Definition
is a persistent elevation of the blood pressure
Major Risk Factor
Congestive heart tallure
Atherosclerosis
Renal failure
Classification
Secondary hypertension
Has un underlying cause (mostly renal disease)
Primary hypertension
Mostly we can link it to genetic infleunces
95% of cases and it doesnt have un underlying cause or disease
Poor prognosis and no cure only management
Symptoms
Fatigue
Palpitations
Shortness of breath
Headaches
Complications
Aneurysm
localized dilations of the blood vessels
Heart failure
Heart Attack
Baroreceptor
Reflex
When the BP decreases
Increased sympathetic outflow
Increased contractility
Vasoconstriction
Increase heart rate
Decreased parasympathetic outflow
Increase heart rate
When the BP increases
Increased parasympathetic
outflow
Decrease heart
rate
Decreased sympathetic outflow
Vasodilation
Decrease contractility
Decrease heart rate
Long term regulation of the BP
The effects of angiotensin lI
Increase the blood pressure
increase Na/H+ exchange
Vasoconstriction
stimulate thirst sensation
Increase release of aldosterone
Done by the kidney
Dyslipidemias
Class of disorders that involve abnormalities in lipids (fats) or lipoproteins in the blood
Clinical manifestations
Pancreatitis
Corneal arcus
Xanthelasmas
Xanthoma
Types
Acquired
Obesity
Physical inactivity
Inherited
Pharmacological Treatment of Hypertension
Antiadrenergics
Alpha blockers
Decrease the TPR
Beta blockers
Vasodilation
Decrease HR and contractility
ARBs
Block the effect of angiotensin Il
Safe in heart
failure/renal diseases
Ca channel blockers
Decrease the HR and contractility
Clevidipine is used in hypertensive emergencies
Vasodilation
ACE inhibitors
Decrease aldosterone and increase bradykinin
Enalaprilate is given in hypertensive crisis
Side effects
Dry Cough
Renal Failure
Vasodilators