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Happiness and Suffering - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Hedonism
      - Desire Theory
      - Objective List
    - - Feelings
      - Objective
      - Value-based
  - - - Kantian Deontology
        
        Definition
        
        Imperatives (obligatory actions)
        
        Categorical
        
        Independent of desires. Moral actions
        
        Capable of being fully rational human beings
        
        Moral theories
        
        Humanity Formulation of the Categorical Imperative
        
        1 more item...
        
        Universal Law Formulation of the Categorical Imperative
        
        2 more items...
        
        Conditional: Force of desire = action
        
        Hedonism / Life satisfaction?
        
        Outline
        
        An action is morally permissible when it conforms / does not conflict with our duty
        
        Fulfilling our duty is morally permissible
        
        Dignity: Special value of humanity. Rationality.
        
        Incommensurable: Cannot be compared, traded, measured
        
        Unconditional: Value independent of personal qualities or traits
    - - Singer's Utilitarianism
        
        Duty of Charity
        
        If it is in your power to prevent something bad from happening, without sacrificing anything nearly as important, it is wrong not to do so.
        
        By donating to aid agencies, you can prevent suffering and death from lack of food, shelter, and medical care, without sacrificing anything nearly as important.
        
        Therefore, if you do not donate to aid agencies, you are doing something wrong.
        
        Suffering and death from lack of food, shelter and medical care are bad.
      - O'Neill's Kantianism
        
        (1) Do not treat people as a mere means: Negative duties
        Duties of Justice: Things we cannot do to the poor
        
        No participation in deceptive or coercive practices
        
        No support of entities that do such things
        
        Refrain from using privileges to act coercively / Exploitation
        
        (2) But rather as an ends by themselves: Positive duties
        Duties of Beneficence: Helping those in dire need florurish, fulfil their goals/ends
        
        Fostering their capacities to pursue ends, to be autonomous beings
        
        Investigation of and provision of resources or assistance requested to help them achieve their ends
      - Background
        
        Duty of Charity: Helping those in dire need
        Positive duty: Fulfilment of requirement
        Held by individuals and groups
        
        Source: Where from?
        
        Scope: Audience
        
        Content: Requirement
        
        Strength: Obligation
- - - - Moral Principles
        (Consequentialism)
        
        Hedonistic Utilitarianism
        
        States of pleasure
        
        Maximise expected net utility
        
        With respect to individual and society
        
        Aspects
        
        Impartialist
        
        Actions render us suffering, but for benefits others
        
        Distribution across Time
        
        Long > short term
        
        Negative Consequences
        
        Moral right may bring suffering
        
        Different Types
        
        Act Utilitarianism
        
        Evaluate on an act by act basis
        
        Rule Utilitarianism
        
        Follow a fixed rule that will maximise utilitarianism
        
        Preference Satisfaction
        
        Maximise preference satisfaction, minimise preference frustration
        
        Can occur even without hedonistic pleasure
        
        Life Satisfaction theory
        
        Welfarism
        
        Maximise objective list of goods, utility