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Ancient Civilizations images (7) - Coggle Diagram
Ancient Civilizations 
Mesopotamia
Location
The author wrote that at first there wasn't a name for the region, but later the Greeks named it Mesopotamia, which means "between the rivers". Also we know that "Mesopotamia" was the birthplace of writing, as well as many other inventions and discoveries that changed the world. Modern Iraq is where Mesopotamia used to be located. (Steele 6)
Architecture
Architecture:The author wrote that a ziggurat is a massive terraced platform mode out of brick, it represents a mountain. The text says ¨The word zigguratu is Assyrian and means ¨height¨ or ¨pinnacle.¨ Lastly, they made statues for gods as offerings. (Stelle 24)
Religion
The author wrote, " The Sumerians worshiped many gods and goddesses." Also the author said that the sumerians though that stars travelling across the sky was cows of sin, or nanna. (Steele 14)
Art
On page 28, the text said, " The Mesopotamians mastered many technologies and crafts at an early point in their history." The text also said that they had started to mold clay into simple pots by the eighth millennium. They were known for loving pottery, art, and music. (Steele 28)
Writing
On page 12, "The sumerians devised the world's first script or writing system." They used picture symbols at first, then by 3300 BCE they were using about 700 different symbols for their language. They used things called cuneiforms, they were damp clay and to make the symbols they used a stylus. (Steele 12)
Government
On page 10, it states that city state rulers were given big titles, such as, as en, which means Lord. There's also ensi, which means governor. The text also states that, "Sumerian rulers enjoyed great power and fame and their exploits and deeds were remembered for centuries." Which means they were great leaders that cared about places. (Steele 10)
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Ancient Egypt
Location
On page 8 it talks about where Egypt is located. The desert covers around 90% of Egypt, with small towns in wadis and oases. The text also says, "The Egyptians lived on the banks of the Nile River or beside canals extending from it. Near the Nile there is great soil, if there wasn't there would be no civilization in Egypt.
Architecture
The text says, "The first pyramid was built as the burial place of King Djoser in c.2650 BCE, by his gifted architect Imhotep." This shows that they were built very early, but early enough for it to be discovered. The text also says that the largest pyramid ever built was the Pyramid of Giza. All of the pyramids are mainly built for the Kings that pass on. (Hart 20)
Government
In Egypt religion, they believed that there was gods and goddesses. Normally the Pharaohs would perform the duties of the high priest in every temple in Egypt. The priests all had titles to represent their power. First,second , and third. My evidence is, "The priests had titles to indicate their power- they could be called "Gods servant," with the addition of First, Second, or Third to indicate the position." (Hart 28)
Writing
In the text it talks about how they kept the pictures hard to draw. They did this because they didn't want a lot of people to master it. My evidence is, "It was deliberately kept complicated so that not too many people could master it and the scribes kept their special position." (Hart 34)
Art
On page 42 it talks about how the dark wood ebony, is the best wood in Africa, at the time. It was highly prized for furniture,harps,gaming boards, and statues. The text also says, "Carpenters were valued workers and often held well-paid jobs on estates,in temples, and in the palace." Which shows that they were important enough to work in the palace. (Hart 42 )
Religion
On page 24, it states that most of the gods and goddesses were represented by animals. It also states that they had a main god, the sun god. Its name was Deity. It states that, 'The sun god was the dominant deity Egypt religion.'
Ancient China
Art
On page 56 it says, " China has always been renowned for its exquisite arts and crafts. Chinese bronze,jade,silk,lacquer and porcelain." On page 56 it also says, "They produced tools for agriculture and weapons for the army as well as luxury items such as decorated tableware and fine silk cloth." Cotterell Page 56
Writing
On page 11 it said, "Often the questions and answers were inscribed on the oracle bone." On page 11 it also said, "An ox bone or tortoiseshell was scorched until it cracked." It says in the text, that the Shang Kings used the bones to ask the ancestral spirits on important matters. (Page 11 Cotterell)
religion
On page 12 it said, "Confucius believed that the early years of the Zhou dynasty were golden years of social harmony." On page 12 it also said, " Confucius encouraged ancestor worship because it strengthened family loyalties." Page 12 Cotterell
Architecture
On page 22 it says, "In time, paper and printing dramatically improved communications; gunpowder changed the way in which battles were fought;a harness for draft animals revolutionized agriculture; and boats equipped with magnetic compass, the sternpost rudder , and watertight buoyancy chambers were able to embark on great voyages." On page 22 it also said, "Other Chinese inventions that made the world a different place were, paper money, clockwork, silk,porcelain, fireworks, kites, umbrellas and the wheel barrow." (Cotterell 22)
Government
On page 16 it says " In 221 B.C. the chinese empire was formed .The Qin soldiers defeated the last of their enemies and United the " warring states " under one leader Zheng." Also on page 16 it says " He built an impressive tomb guarded by thousands of life-size terracotta warriors ,probably in belief that he would remain a powerful man in the afterlife." ( page 16 Cotterell)
Trade
On page 58 it says, " International trade thrived because caravans could travel without danger." On page 58 it also says that, " Chinese merchants amassed large fortunes by exporting luxury goods such as silk, spices, teas, porcelain, and lacquerware." (Cotterell 58)
Location
On page 6 it said, "Vast deserts and mountain range cut off China from other cultures in India, West Asia, and Europe." On page 6 it also said that, "Many hundreds of years passed before the chinese realized in 126 B.C that other civilizations existed. Page 6 Cotterell
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