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Ancient Civilizations download - 2024-09-06T142910.573 - Coggle Diagram
Ancient Civilizations 
Mesopotamia
Location: The author wrote that at first there wasn't a name for the region, but later the Greeks named it Mesopotamia, meaning "between the rivers".also we know that " was the birthplace of writing, as well as many other inventions and discoveries that changed the world." Modern Iraq is where mesopotamia is located.
located: (Steele 6)
Architecture: Architecture from the Mesopotamia is a structure called a ziggurat. A ziggurat is a massive structure made of a mud/straw brick. They have about 3-4 layers. I found this information from the text saying "A lasting symbol of ancient Mesopotamia is the ziggurat, a massive terraced platform made of brick.". It is made to represent a mountain stretching to reach the heavens/ Gods. Located: (Steele 24)
Religion: The Sumerians believed and worshiped many gods. The text states "The sumerians worshiped many gods and goddesses.". They believed that the stars in the night sky were cows of sin. They believed in Enki, Apsu, Enlil, Ninhursag, Nintu, and Nammu. These are all of the many gods they worshiped and believed in.
Located: (Steele 14)
Art: The author stated that they were molding clay into pots by the eight millennium BCE. Then they invented the pottery wheel which we still use to this day. The author stated "Sometime before 3500 BCE, they invented the potter's wheel, Which made pottery production far more efficient.". We have been making clay items since the eight millennium BCE. Located: (Steele 28)
Writing: The Sumerians were the first people to be able to write. I know this because in the text it says "The sumerians devised the world's first script or writing system. ". The writing is called a cuneiform. They use a wedge shaped block to carve their writing into. In the text it says "Over the centuries the marks developed into a script that represented sound as well as meaning Archeologists call this cuneiform (Wedge-Shaped) writing.". Located: (Steele 12)
Government: In the mesopotamia book it says "Sumerian rulers enjoyed great power and fame and their exploits and deeds were remembered for centuries.". The government during this time had special treatment. Some rulers became legendary and their history was entangled with many myths. Located: (Steele 10)
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Ancient India
Location: The Indus River Valley was surrounded by high mountains, deserts, and oceans. The text read "The river also covers most of modern day Pakistan.". The land had many civitalizeation groups because of how fertile the land was and because of how close it was to a water source. Source: https://sites.google.com
Religion: The religion for this region is known as Brahmanism. They were polytheistic but were heavily influenced by the later development of Hinduism. The text said "Much of what we know about them today also came from sacred writing called the Vedas.". This said the sacred writing called the Vedas. (Source https://sites.google.com)
Writing: Over 400 different symbols have been discovered and to this day there still haven't figured them out. The text said "Some scholars have wondered whether these symbols actually constituted a proper writing system.". Since we don't understand the writing we don't know a lot about the government and politics. (Source https://sites.google.com)
Architecture/Technology: The people of the Indus Valley made well-planned cities and homes. The text said "The advanced architecture and construction techniques of the Indus cities is also shown with impressive dockyards, granaries, warehouses, brick platforms, and protective walls.". This was very advanced for the time they were built in. (Source: https://sites.google.com/)
Government: We don't have a lot of information about the government of this region. We do know their social classes. There are 5 different levels of their social classes, there are Brahmana, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Sudra, Dalits. (Source https://sites.google.com)
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