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Ancient Civilizations Screenshot 2024-08-25 1.34.53 PM - Coggle Diagram
Ancient Civilizations 
Mesopotamia
Location: The author wrote that the relocation didn't have a name, but eventually it was called Mesopotamia meaning"between the rivers."Mesopotamia was the birthplace of writing as well as additional inventions that have changed the world. In the book it states that " the region between the rivers is sometimes called the cradle of civilization." (Steele Pg. 6)
architecture: The author wrote, "Ur's ziggurat was dedicated to the moon god, Nanna." This tells me the importance of it. The text also states, "Most ziggurats had between two to seven levels." (Steele 24)
Religion: The author states "The Babylonians worshiped Enki as Ea, Inanna as the goddess Ishtar, and made Marduk their main god." The text states "The Sumerians also believed in spirits, ghosts, and demons." It also says "Later Mesopotamian peoples took up or adopted Sumerian gods, sometimes giving them new names." (Steele Pg. 14)
Art: The author wrote "molding clay into pots by the eighth millennium." In the book it states "metalworkers were mixing tin with the copper to make tough alloy called bronze." It was also a big area with technological progress. (Steele Pg. 28)
Writing: The author wrote "The Sumerians devised the world's first script or writing system." This tells me that they started the writing. In the book it states, "By around 3300 bce the citizens of uruk were using about 700 different symbols or pictographs." (Steele 12)
Government: The author wrote "People moved into the cities because these had become the center of government and trade, of religious and social life." In the book it states "Cities were protected by massive walls with gates, and by moats."
I also says "This process began over 5,500 years ago in ancient Mesopotamia." (Steele Pg. 16)
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Ancient china.
art: on page 56 it says, that China traded Chinese bronze, jade, silk, lacquer, and porcelain with European and other asian countries Chinese rulers supplies the raw materials and controlled them. Many large factories were made to create the trade items easier. (Contrell Pg. 56)
writing-
On page 11 it said "the shang kings
used oracle bones to consult the
ancestral spirits." Questions and their
answers were inscribed on the oracle
bone. Many times, an ox bone and
tortoiseshell was used and then
scorched until it cracked. (Cotterell Pg. 11)
Religion- On page 12 it says the increase of Turmoil led confucius to develop a new moral outlook. It also said he believed it was based on kindness and strength. The good ruler helped people (Contrell Pg. 12)
Architecture/ technology: On page 22 it says, China was sorta behind on inventions. They were not modernized like European and other Asian countries. China's people would encourage the further development of the science department. "In time, paper and printing dramatically improved communications" Meaning they became more improved when they introduced paper and printing. (Conterell 22)
Government: In 221 B.C. the chinese emperor
was formed. The first emperor (221-207 b.c) seems to have thought he would have become immortal. He built an impressive tomb guarded by thousands of life- size terracotta warriors. (Contrell Pg. 16)
Commerce (Trading): Trade flourished under the mongol, or Yuan, dynasty. The mongol emperors ruled china from 1270 to 1368 and permitted merchants to trade routes that ran from northern china across asia. The mongols ignored the opinions of Chinese officials. (Contrell pg. 58-60)
Location: China is the world's oldest continuous civilization.
Hundreds of years past before the chinese realized in in 216 B.C. that other civilizations. the civil services established by the first Han emperor. (Contrell Pg. 6)
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