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Ancient civilizations Screenshot 2024-09-06 9.58.24 AM - Coggle Diagram
Ancient civilizations 
Mesopotamia
Location. The author wrote that the location didn't have a name, but eventually it was called Mesopotamia ,meaning "between the rivers. Mesopotamia was the birthplace of writing as well as additional inventions that have changed the world. In the book it states that the region between the rivers is sometimes called the cradle of civilizations. ( Steele 6)
Art. In the text it says they work on pottery. "Vessels were shaped by expert potters on the rotating wheel". With the pottery they made they also painted the stuff they build. (Steele 28)
Religion. People from there time believed in many different God and Goddesses, and also believed in many different folktales. On page 14, it says " The Sumerians also believed in spirits, ghost, and demons." They believed that the star cross it was the cows of sin. (Steele 14)
Government. The Assyrian people had few resources land and they wanted to go get more. In the texts it said, " Their city of Ashur began to grow wealthy from trading with Anatolia as early as 200 B.C. The Assyrian people were really talented of building things. (Steele 40)
Writing. In the texts it says, Uruk had over 700 symbols and pictographs."Over the centuries the marks developed into a script that represented sound as well as meaning." The other city use the writing too, like Mesopotamia people as Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians. (Steele 12)
Architecture. They made Ziggurats on mountains to represent the love of earth to heaven.The Ziggurats had small temples inside with little shrines on top that were reached by stairways. The author wrote," Ziggurats looked similar to the stepped pyramids of ancients Egypt." (Steele 24)
Ancient Egypt
Location. On page 8 it said, " The Egyptians lived on the banks of the Nile river."There would be no civilizations without the Nile fertility. The blue Nile and the White Nile cover eged and brought silt into Egypt. (Hart 8)
Art. In the texts it says, they beaten the gold to shape it in the thing they are making. On page 56 it says, " You can see the glint of gold everywhere in Egyptian. They had no ideas of what diamonds, emeralds, and rubies. ( Hart 56)
[Architecture. In the texts it says, Ziggurats look a little like pyramids in ancient Egypt. On page 24 it says," The Ziggurats themselves had small temples or stairways. Temples platform were being build at eridu as early as 5000 BCE." Ziggurats are also made from brick. (Hart 24)
Religion. In the texts it said, " The egyptians worshiped hundreds of different Gods and goddesses." The sun God as a disk with rays ending in human hands holding the sign of the royal Family. There was 42 different administrative districts had its own gods. (Hart 14)
Government. Peppy 11 was the still king 94 years later when he was 100.The king wasn't the most powerful or the most important in egypt it also was the gods. In the texts it says, "He was known as the pharaoh but describing as great house."(Hart 10)
Writing. In the texts it said,"Scribes living at the end of the Egyptian civilizations also had to be able to write in Greek, the languages of their overlords." They also had over 700 signs of Greek writing. The form of writing is called hieratic that was the fastest writing language.( Hart 34)
Ancient China
writing
In the text it said," The Shang king used oracles bones to consult the ancestral spirits." People would read the cracks in order to discover answer to questions. An ox bone or tortoiseshell was placed on a fire and scorched until it cracked. (Cotterell 11)
Religion, On page 12 it says, The king authority was greatly reduced as ambitious lords fought each other for power. As a result the Chinese came to see themselves as part of a greater family.In return subjects had a duty to respect and obey their ruler. ( cotterell 12)
Architecture, In the texts it says," Throughout its imperial history, emperors encouraged the developments of science and technology. The chinese led other nation in there areas. Some of there inventions were clockwork, silk, kites, fireworks, wheelbarrow. (22 cotterell)
Government, ON page 16 it says' IN 221 B.C. the Chinese empire was formed."The Qin soldiers defeated all of their enemies uniting as one. Emperor Qin was known for harsh unstable punishment, such as burning them alive cotterell 16
Trade, In the texts it says, After the mongols were driven out of china, the emperors of the ming dynasty felt they needed to restore Chinese prestige. His voyages were peaceful demonstration of chinese naval power.
Location, On page 6 it says that Ancient china remained untouched by outside influences because it was a world apart', This can help us learn about how it came together to today. Also it says that desert and mountains ranges cut off china from the rest of the world. cotterell 6
Art : IN the texts it says, "In 221B.C. The chinese empire was formed." The Qin Army defeated the last of their enemies. Qin emperor used slave laborers to build the great wall of china.
(cotterell 16)
Indus River valley
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Government
The Aryan civilization had a large impact on modern-day India society. For example, one Aryan influence on modern-day India was the development of the caste system. A caste is a social group in which people are born and they cannot change. The caste system began because the Aryans had four social classes, which they called varnas. People were divided based on wealth and occupation. https://sites.google.com/mccsc.k12.in.us/history-of-south-asia/home/1500-bc-aryans
Religion,Much of what we know about them today also came from sacred writing called the Vedas. The Vedas are mostly religious texts, but they also described famous victories of the Aryans as they invaded India. The religion of the ancient Aryans, known as Brahmanism, was polytheistic and heavily influenced the later development of Hinduism. Both religions have much in common and share many rituals. https://sites.google.com/mccsc.k12.in.us/history-of-south-asia/home/1500-bc-aryans
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