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Ancient Civilizations Screenshot 2024-09-06 8.14.13 AM - Coggle Diagram
Ancient Civilizations 
Mesopotamia
Location: In the text it said ancient Mesopotamia is part of modern-day Iraq.Mesopotamia was also located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.Also, according to the book,¨much of the region is now hot desert, but many areas were much more fertile in antiquity.¨(Steele 6)
Writing: The author wrote, they used records for ownership, and business deals and sometimes government. They used picture symbols to represent objects such as cattle grain of fish. ¨ The sumerians divided the worlds first script or writting systems.¨ (Steele 12)
Architercture: In the text it said Ziggurats looked similar to the stepped pyramids of ancient Egypt.Ziggurats was also between two and seven levels, images of ziggurats were passed into clay by a cylinder seal. ¨ The ziggurats themselves had a small temples or shrines on top, reached by long stairways.¨" (Steele 24)
Art: The author wrote, they were molding clay into simple pot. They used molding clay to make pots. ¨ They were molding clay into simple pots by the eighth millennium bce.¨ (Steele 28)
Religion: The author wrote, city-state rulers were honored with various titles, such as lord, governor, or king. They used paragraphs about the pictures. ¨Sumerain rulers enjoyed great power and frame and their exploits and deeds were remembered for centuries.¨ (Steele 10)
Government: The author wrote, people moved into cities because these had become the center of government and trade. Religions and social life of trade and government. ¨People moved into cities because these had become the center of government and trade, of religions and social life.¨(Steele 16)
Ancient Egypt
location : In the text it said that 90% of Egypt's land was covered by deserts, which was called the Red Land. When the Nile flood, it would begin the year for the Egyptian farmer by bringing deposits of slit. When the waters lowered the farmers went to work and ¨ the result was usually a good summer harvest.¨ (Hart 8)
Art: In the text it said, Egyptians live their lives to the full. In the text it said, ¨ the Egyptians enjoyed life to the full.¨On page 50 it said, ¨ Music was also performed on more everyday occasions.¨ (Hart 50)
Writing: In the text it said that picture writing with about 700 different signs. In the text it said, " Scribes had to be experts in writing hieroglyphs an elaborate form of picture-writing with about 700 different signs.¨ On page 34 it said, ¨ They could be writing from left to right, right to left, or top to bottom.¨ (Hart 34)
Architercture: In the text it said that Egyptians homes were built from bricks made from the Nile mud. In the text it said, ¨
houses in Ancient Egypt were built from bricks made from the Nile mud.¨On page 46 it said, ¨When a house was built, its wall would be covered in plaster, and its inside was often painted.¨(Hart 46)
Religion: On page 24, it says that the Egyptians are polytheistic and worship many gods and goddesses. The text says ¨ Egyptians worshiped hundreds of different gods and goddesses, and sometimes it is difficult to work out who is who. ¨ Egyptians also believed in the afterlife and mummified plus gave their dead supplies for the afterlife (Hart 24+18)
Government: In the text it said that the king was not the most powerful and important man in Egypt. In the text it said, ¨ the king was not the most powerful and important man in Egypt, he was thought to be a god.¨ On page 10 it said ¨ He was known as the pharaoh, a word that derives from a respectful way of referring to the king.¨ (Hart 10)
Ancient China
Art: On page 56 it says, that China traded Chinese bronze, Jade, silk, lacquer, and porcelain with European and other Asian countries. Chinese rules supplied the raw materials and controlled them. Many large facories were made to create the trade items easier. (Cotterell 56)
Writing: On page 11, it said that questions and answers were inscribed on oracle bones.It also states that " an ox bone or tortoiseshell was scorched until it cracked."The oracle bones were used by the Shang kings to consult with ancestors.(Cotterell Page 11)
Religion: On page 12, it said " the inscription inside the sacrifical records the grant of taratory or office to a friend of the duke of Kang." It also states that, " the chinese believed the music of bells calmed the mind and aided thought. The bell was hung on a loop to allow it to vibrate clearly. (Cotterell Page 12)
Architecture/Techology: On page 22, it said that water power, glassed furnaces, created to improve the can iron production. The text stated " the magnetic compass was an ancient Chinese invention." In the book it said, the earthquake weathercock was used to detect earthquakes when the ball falls. (Cotterell Page 22)
Government: On page 16 it says, that the first empire was empire Qin. He had the mandate of heaven. Mainly when you become an empire it is from family. Qin made slaves make The Great Wall to protect them from the nomads. Empire Qin was buried with 8,000 terracotta soldiers in tombs. (Cotterell 16)
Commerce (Trading): On page 58 it says, the silk road was the most famous trading route spreading from Northern China all the way across Asia. The Mongol empire had full control over the silk road during the Mongol empires existence. The silk road made China and the Mongol empire improve significantly. (Cotterell 58)
Location: On page 6 it says, that mountains and deserts cut off China from other countries, almost isolating them. Page 6 also says, "China philosophers is also made a significant contribution to social harmony." China is the oldest continuous civilization on earth, they went dynasty till 1912. (Cotterell 6)
Indus River Valley
Location:In the text it said the civilization had occurred around 5,000 years ago along the Indus River Valley. It also said that there is a portion of the river that covers the northwest of India, a part of Afghanistan, and most of pakistan. Under all that dirt and rock there is a 4,000 year old city.
Religion: Some believe they were defeated by the Aryans, a nomadic group from Central Asia that later settled in a region. There has been some evidence found with groups of selections in positions of flights as well as evidence of burned settlements. However, many archaeologists see evidence of decline within the ancient cities of Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa before the Aryans would have arrived.
Government: In the text it stated, all of the cast is all different. All of the cast have different status in the pyramid.All of the cast can't touch the Untouchable because they think they have a disease.
Writing: The website started that the writing that they created is one of the hardest to decipher. Most of the writing is on seals, pots, and other types of materials. Another thing that it said was that there are over 400 different symbols, all from different.
Architecture/Technology: The author stated that the buildings and technology were very advanced for their time. Most people deeply cared about their hygiene, causing the cities to be a bit different than others. They built walls to protect their civilizations from attacks.