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Ancient Civilizations Screenshot 2024-09-06 8.14.17 AM - Coggle Diagram
Ancient Civilizations 
Mesopotamia
Location
People moved into new cities because they became the had a trade center this meaning that the could get more goods that they needed for their family's. There is a map that was drawn in 1400 BCE that shows the river and the villages. They used the wet clay to make a map. There is a picture in the book that shows the city in Nimud in mesopotamia. Written by Philip Steele on page 6.
Writting
At first they only used sibbles for their writing but then they started using letters and words to communicate and send letters. They used sticks and wet clay to write. They used writing for not only communication but also for writing down there religions.Written by Philip Steele on page 12 and 13.
Architecture
By studying the life of plants and flowers mesopotamia people had agriculture that grew their community but that also fed their families. The crops that were grown not only supported the community but had to also feed the whole village. The people that grew the crops had to hand off a percentage of the crops to the government for the taxes. The villagers also produced cloth, baskets, and pottery by hand to make stuff for there family's. Written by Phiph Steele on page 18
Art
Mesopotamian art survives in a number of forms: cylinder seals, relatively small figures in the round, and reliefs of various sizes, including cheap plaques of moulded pottery for the home, some religious and some apparently not. The Code of Hammurabi was the most important piece of art produced during the Babylonian period and the earliest law code ever written. This stele made from basalt and carved in relief sculpture is incised with text. There are 300 laws, inscribed in the Akkadian language, in cuneiform script. Written by phiph Steele on page 28
Religoion
The honor of the builder is a statue that was an offering to the moon god. The tower of babel is also a part of the religion. In the bible it tells how the descendents of Noah quarreled when building that was the so-called tower of babel. The tower in the tale may have been inspired by the seven-story ziggurat. The ziggurat may have been seven stories tall and had a shrine on top. A pious worshiper in a religious procession carries a stem of flowers in bud as an offering of God. Written by Philip Steele on page 14.
Goverment
Mesopotamian political structures tended to have independent governments from city-state to city-state. Each one decided its own rules and customs, although there would invariably be overlap between city-states. Mesopotamia, the ancient empire on the land of Asia, was devoted to the system of the kingdom, that is, the monarchy ruled by the king, the emperor. There was a system of clergy, with the proclamation of zoroastrianism mainly, and the priests were often advisers of kings and emperors. Written by Phiph Steele on page 40
Accent Egypt
Location
In the text it said that 90 percent of Egypt's land was covered by desert, which was called the red land. When the Nile would flood, it would begin the year for the Egyptian farmer by bringing deposit of silt. When the waters lowered the farmers went to work and "the result was usually a good summer harvest". It was written by George Hart. On page 8.
Archiltectrue
An example of Architecture is when the egyptians would plant and harvest there own food. They would hunt in the Egyptian desert they would kill bulls and oxen. They would make there own speer things to go hunting. Written by George Hart on page 44.
Religion
The EGYPTIANS worshiped hundreds of different Gods and goddesses. Many of the gods were represented by animals. On of the example is a baboon stranded for Thoth, God of wisdom. They saw the sun god as a dick with rays ending in human hands holding the sign of life. An Anubis is a Jackals used to haunt cemeteries so they were at the funerals the idea that if they were there they would protect and look after the person. It was written by Hart and on page 24 ! Screenshot 2024-09-19 8.33.06 AM
Art
An example of the egyptian art is the dolls they make they use clay beads and even pant the doll. They made the balls they played with out of clay and then made them colorful by panting them. They also did that with radls they would use them to play games but had to make them first out of clay then paint them to be all colorful. Written by George Hart on page 52.
Writing
They had over 700 different signs so that they could keep their positions a secret and know one from the outside could master it. Hieroglyphs were used on a state monuments, temples, tombs, and religious payri. They could be written in many different ways they could right left to right, right to left, or even top to bottom. When the last temple was closed in the 6th century A.D, the skill of reading hieroglyphs was lost until the discovery of this stone in 1799. This stone was called the Rosetta Stone.
Goverment
I know this because it says in the book that the high priest and the king would attend these events and get gifts from the and expanded them with other kings and priest. When people saw the king they usually would kiss the ground. The phoras would make these women row them down the river and make them do whatever they wont'd the to do. Written by George Hart on page 12
Ancient China
Religion
On page 12 it says the increase of turmoil led confucius to develop a new moral outlook. He believed it was based on kindness and strength from his family. He thought a good ruler helped people and was fair. (Cotterell page 12)
Art
On page 56 it says they would add their art on projects that were being manufactured. They would send them on the silk road once they were done. They would decorate the war and army stuff. They would get it all ready for the war. There art form of art was calligraphy it is writing art. (Cotterell page 56)
Goverment
On page 16 it says the first empire thought that he would be in power for ever and that he is very powerful. When empire Qin became emperor he thought he was very powerful and he got a lot of soldiers to help him stay powerful. He also built a tomb and was guarded by woirirs. (Cotterell page 16)
Writing: On page 11 it said "the Shang kings used ORACLE bones to consult the ancestral spirits." Questions and their answer were inscribed on the ORACLE bone. Many times, an ox and tortoise shell was used and then scorched until it cracked. (Cotterell page 11)
Location On page 6 it says that shina is the world's oldest civilization. The vast deserts and mountain land cut of china from other cultures of india. The civil service established by the first empire lead by the han. (Cotterell page 6)
Architecture/Technology
On page 22 it says, China was sorta behind on there inventions. This made them not have as good and up to date supplies other countries had. The Chinese people would encourage the further development of the science department. Their paper got better over time and improved more every year. (Cotterell page 22)
Commerce (Trade) On page 58 the silk road was started and was started to be used under the Mongol or Yuan dynasty. The controlled the silk road a, series routes that ran from Northern China across Asia. They traded silk, tea, and paper there is also more that they had traded in the silk road. (Cotterell Page 58)
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