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SORBENT
CO2 CAPTURE, MEMBRANE
CO2 CAPTURE , Cryogenics - Coggle Diagram
SORBENT
CO2 CAPTURE
The carbon dioxide capture through a pressure swing adsorption system followed by chemical reaction on the remaining carbon dioxide in the discharged waste gas and calcium hydroxide to produce Nano-calcium carbonate. The overall recovery and utilization rate of the carbon dioxide is over 98%. This method fully utilizes resources and energy, yielding significant economic and environmental benefits.
Complex of the layered low-crystalline clay mineral and the amorphous aluminum silicate produces excellent carbon dioxide absorption/desorption performance of 12 wt % or more at 100 kPa to 900 kPa
Using water vapor as an adsorbent in carbon capture process using by vacuum swing adsorption (VSA) with single and multilayered columns using alumina and zeolite 13X at high water content (>4%) prevent the failure of CO2 capture process
Silica gel is impregnated by low molecular-weight amine at 130°C. It can reduce energy, also an effective adsorbent for CO2 capture at low cost.
Capture process is carried out by retrofitting to 600 MW at a coal-fired power plant with a capture efficiency of 90.00% by using Carbonate mineral trona (trisodium hydrogen dicarbonate dihydrate) as the main sorbent.
Microporous activated carbon (AC) using Microwave Swing Desorption (MSD) is intended to enhance the rate of CO2 desorption from the AC, making it four times faster than conventional heating desorption and Temperature Swing Desorption (TSD).
The guanidine-based polymer poly(propylene guanidine) PPG has been impregnated into mesoporous silica to create a CO2 sorbent. Compared to PEI-based sorbents, PPG exhibited lower capacities with a 400 ppm CO2 flow but performed similarly with a 10% CO2 stream. Additionally, PPG reached its capacity faster than PEI under both conditions.
Carbon dioxide adsorbent containing hydrotalcite is capable of unifying the hydrotalcite synthesis process and the alkali metal co-precipitation process. It should also be capable of co-precipitating an alkali metal with high carbon dioxide adsorption ability at high temperatures
Amine-based carbon dioxide absorbent and regenerating the absorbent using a metal oxide catalyst such as ZrO2 to effectively remove carbon dioxide at a low cost and with high efficiency
Alkanolamine-based absorbents reduce energy consumption during an absorption process and also prevent the recovery of carbon dioxide from moisture and absorbent vapor at low regeneration temperatures.
MEMBRANE
CO2 CAPTURE
Thin-film composite (TFC) membranes for CO2 separation are energy-efficient, providing high gas permeance with conventional thicker (∼50 μm) dense membranes by minimizing gas resistance of each layer while maintaining high gas-specific selectivity
Cross-linked PEG-based polymer incorporating with SFSNPs to prepare an ultra-thin CO2-selective layer approximately 55 nm thick using nano-coating technology to improve CO2 separation, surpassing values obtained from simple PEG-based UTFC membranes
Thin-film composite membranes (TFCMs) have excellent CO2 capture performance due to their low transport resistance. Two-dimensional covalent organic framework (COF) films are utilized as novel gutter layers with ideal pore size, intrinsic porosity, low transport resistance, good compatibility with the polymer matrix, strong anti-aging capability, and high stability
Gas separation molecular sieve membrane with coated porous support is calcined and SAPO-34 molecular sieve crystals which exhibits excellent gas separation on CO 2 /CH 4 separation.
The modified poly C2-C4 olefin hollow fiber membrane, along with the selective separation layer, has long-lasting hydrophilicity. This hydrophilicity is uniform on both sides and the pore walls of the membrane. It is used for selectively removing acid gas, and effectively improves the efficiency of acid gas removal.
Composite cellulose acetate (CA) and cellulose acetate-titania nanoparticle (CA-TiO2) membranes have high CO2 adsorption capacity, enhancing the diffusion and solubility of CO2. The blended CA-TiO2 membrane is adsorbed in the CA-TiO2 composite membrane, resulting in better CO2 separation
Quaternized poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) membranes are selective for CO2 separation. They are also catalytically active for cyclic carbonate synthesis by adding CO2 to epichlorohydrin at 57 °C and atmospheric pressure, making the process energy-efficient
The separation membranes consist of polymer-grafted nanoparticles (GNPs) and a small amount of free polymer. The membranes, having the polymer grafted to the nanoparticles, can exhibit high ideal selectivity and can be used in a variety of applications, such as carbon capture.
Cryogenics
The integrated coal gasification process incorporates a unique double-column cryogenic air separation unit (ASU) utilizing LNG cold energy recovery. The ASU features effective integration between two distillation columns, allowing for the exchange of latent heat between the condenser in the high-pressure column and the reboiler of the low-pressure column. This process captures 99.83% of carbon dioxide with a purity of 99.80%, and the power required is around 0.10 kWh/kg CO2
Using Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) to monitor real-time changes in relative permittivity caused by CO2 frost formation in a fixed packed bed.
In order to enhance capture efficiency, an air separator is installed at the air inlet of the CO2 cryogenic tank to separate O2 and N2.
The low-temperature cryogenic CO2 capture device uses an absorbent like methyl acetate or acetone to absorb and dissolve CO2 under low pressure and temperature. Only normal temperature conditions are needed for CO2 analysis, reducing energy consumption and dependence on external conditions for CO2 capture.
A natural gas purification system can produce both fuel and a high-purity hydrocarbon product, such as high-purity methane or high-purity natural gas. This is achieved through high-temperature carbon dioxide removal, followed by cryogenic rectification to produce the desired fuel and high-purity hydrocarbon product
In order to reduce CO2 emissions from stationary power sources, a new oxy-fuel gas turbine with cryogenic CO2 separation and capture has been developed. This technology aims to decrease the energy required for carbon capture by using a standard cryogenic air separation unit to generate oxygen for the gas turbine, which then utilizes recirculating flue gas to maintain the temperature for the turbine. The CO2 is subsequently compressed, and impurities are removed through cryogenic liquefaction to produce CO2 for storage.