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ENGLISH CLASS - Coggle Diagram
ENGLISH CLASS
BUSINESS E-MAIL
e-mail
is
fast
and
disposable
make lots of
communicative misunderstanding
is most used
communication channel at work
model
TIPS
right target
information clear
process well defined
style suit make clear the message
in the e-mail
adopt
neutral professional style
in order to be respectful to the receiver
be always
clearer as possible
avoid being pushy or aggressive
send
short acknowledgements
when you think it’s necessary
there are 3 types of writing style
formal
: elaborate and impersonal phrasing
neutral professional
: direct phrases and language closer to the spoken English
informal
: everyday words and structures from spoken conversation
structure of e-mail
e-mail address of recipient
heading of the e-mail
greeting → depends on the relation you have with the recipient
beginning → make reference to a previous e-mail → with reference to your e-mail of… / further
to our discussion last week / how are you?
explaining the reason of the e-mail → I am writing to request / I’m writing to
body
final remarks → stating further actions
closing → depending on the recipient
signing off
important details of e-mail
▪ using plain English
▪ no repeating words unnecessary
▪ linking idea together
▪ contractions
▪ be polite
▪ adapt the style according to the reply you get
▪ always review
GRAPHS AND CHART
there are 2 graph families
one scale graphics
▪
Bars chart
: charts in which data are represented by bars, and offer information on one scale axis only in the horizontal axis or in the vertical one, while the other axis just list items only.
▪
Pie-chart
: circles divided in slices or wedges, that show a part from the whole. They are effective in representing quantities, so proportion and ratio. On the other hand, they can show off evolution of data during a period of time.
▪
Exploded pie-chart
: same concept as the other one, but in this case there’s a slice or more slices that are exploded, this means they’re separated from the rest of the chart, so that they’re more visible
two scale graphics
▪
Line chart
: the graph shows a sequence of dots, that represent data, connected with a line. This type of graphs is useful to show off time-related change.
▪
Area chart
: same concept of line chart, but here lines are the border of the areas.
▪
Grouped bar chart
: a particular bar chart in which bars are grouped side by side in order to show some differences related to eachothers
graph chart has:
axes
--> horizontal axis and vertical axis
lines
--> solid line; dotted line; dashed line
bars; wedges or slices; shaded areas
Sample description questions:
1) What is measured on the vertical axis?
2) What is measured on the horizontal axis?
3) What does the graph show / illustrate?
4) What is the unit of measurement for …. ?