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Level 2 chemistry - Coggle Diagram
Level 2 chemistry
Structure and bonding
Molecular substances
bond angles
4 bonded out of 4 regions
Tetrahedral
3 bonded out of 3 regions
Trigonal planar
120*
2 bonded out of 2 regions
Linear
180*
2 bonded out of 3 regions
Bent
2 bonded out of 4 regions
Bent
109*
3 bonded out of 4 regions
Trigonal Pyramidal
Polar
Soluble in water
Non-polar
Not soluble in water
Symmetrical in shapes
Dipoles cancels out
Electronegativity
how far is it from the upper right corner of the periodic table
Lewis diagram
1 bond-2 dots removed on the element
2 bonds-4 dots
Held together in intermolecular forces
Molecule
Ionic substances
strong electrostatic forces
Lattice structure
Soluble in water
Ions
Metal
'sea' of delocalized valance electrons
Conductive
Electrons are free to move around
Lattice structure
Positive charged metal nuclei
Held together in non-directional bonding
Metals
Covalent substances
1D structures
Low melting point
Flexible
Electrical insulators
2D structures
High melting point
Soft and slippery
Insoluble
electrical conductors
3D structures
Very hard and insoluble
High melting point
Atoms
Energy changes
endothermic=gain energy
exothermic=lose energy
Reactivity
Equilibrium
Kc > 1 = forward reaction
Kc < 1 = reverse reaction
Temperature
Concentration
Pressure
Volume
Catalysts
Acids and bases
Acids
Strong acids
Weak acids
Bases
Strong base
Weak base
pH scale
logarithmic
Rate of reaction
Catalysts
Energy changes
Surface area
Concentration
Temperature