Chemistry Module 3: Reactive Chemistry

Rate of Reaction

Products of Chemical Reactions

Reactivity of Metals

Indicators of Chemical Reaction

Conservation of Matter

Types of Chemical Reactions

Detoxification of Cycal Seeds

Synthesis

Decompostition

Combustion

Precipitation

Neutralisation

Acid Carbonate

Matter is conserved during reactions

Acid + Base → Salt + Water

Complete

Incomplete

Fuel + Oxygen → Water Vapour, Carbon Dioxide

Fuel + Oxygen → Water Vapour, Carbon Monoxide

Fuel + Oxygen → Water Vapour, Carbon

A + B → AB

AB → A + B

Insoluble Salt + Insoluble Salt → Insoluble Salt + Soluble Salt

Acid + Carbonate → Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

Change in Colour

Formation of a Gas

Formation of a Precipitate

Temperature Change

Production of Light

Exothermic

Cycad Seeds are cut open

Dried in the Sun

Crushed and Grounded to Increase Surface Area

Placed in a woven bag

Placed in Running water for multiple days (Cycasin dissolves into running water

Then Baked/Eaten

Activity Series

Redox Reactions

Definitions

Oxidation

Loss of electrons, Metal becomes an ion

Reduction

Gain electrons, Metal becomes Solid

Galvanic Cells

Series with the higher activity oxidises

Nothing Occurs if higher activity series is already oxidised

Types

Concentration

Temperature

Surface Area

Catalyst

Requirements of Reaction

Collision Theory

Activation Energy

Orientation

Increases exposed molecues of reactants to other reactants

Increases number of collisions over time

Increases kinetic energy of molecules, allowing molecules to more easily reach it's required activation energy, as well as increase rate of collisions

Decreases the required activation energy of the reaction

Reaction Potential (Voltage Produced)

Spontaneity

If E⁰ (Total Voltage) is positive, the reaction is spontaneous

If E⁰ is negative, the reaction does not occur and is not spontaneous

Half Equations

Reversable

Reaction Potential

Lower Reduction Potential, Higher Activation

The Voltage of Half Equations

Trends

As Group Number Increases, Activity Decreases

Activity

Increase In Acticity, Increase in Rate/Vigor of Reaction

As Period Number Increases, Activity Increases

Correlation to Other Things

As Ionisation Energy Increases, Activation Decreases

As Electronegativity Increases, Activation Decreases

As Atomic Radius Increases, Activation Increases