Chemistry Module 3: Reactive Chemistry
Rate of Reaction
Products of Chemical Reactions
Reactivity of Metals
Indicators of Chemical Reaction
Conservation of Matter
Types of Chemical Reactions
Detoxification of Cycal Seeds
Synthesis
Decompostition
Combustion
Precipitation
Neutralisation
Acid Carbonate
Matter is conserved during reactions
Acid + Base → Salt + Water
Complete
Incomplete
Fuel + Oxygen → Water Vapour, Carbon Dioxide
Fuel + Oxygen → Water Vapour, Carbon Monoxide
Fuel + Oxygen → Water Vapour, Carbon
A + B → AB
AB → A + B
Insoluble Salt + Insoluble Salt → Insoluble Salt + Soluble Salt
Acid + Carbonate → Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide
Change in Colour
Formation of a Gas
Formation of a Precipitate
Temperature Change
Production of Light
Exothermic
Cycad Seeds are cut open
Dried in the Sun
Crushed and Grounded to Increase Surface Area
Placed in a woven bag
Placed in Running water for multiple days (Cycasin dissolves into running water
Then Baked/Eaten
Activity Series
Redox Reactions
Definitions
Oxidation
Loss of electrons, Metal becomes an ion
Reduction
Gain electrons, Metal becomes Solid
Galvanic Cells
Series with the higher activity oxidises
Nothing Occurs if higher activity series is already oxidised
Types
Concentration
Temperature
Surface Area
Catalyst
Requirements of Reaction
Collision Theory
Activation Energy
Orientation
Increases exposed molecues of reactants to other reactants
Increases number of collisions over time
Increases kinetic energy of molecules, allowing molecules to more easily reach it's required activation energy, as well as increase rate of collisions
Decreases the required activation energy of the reaction
Reaction Potential (Voltage Produced)
Spontaneity
If E⁰ (Total Voltage) is positive, the reaction is spontaneous
If E⁰ is negative, the reaction does not occur and is not spontaneous
Half Equations
Reversable
Reaction Potential
Lower Reduction Potential, Higher Activation
The Voltage of Half Equations
Trends
As Group Number Increases, Activity Decreases
Activity
Increase In Acticity, Increase in Rate/Vigor of Reaction
As Period Number Increases, Activity Increases
Correlation to Other Things
As Ionisation Energy Increases, Activation Decreases
As Electronegativity Increases, Activation Decreases
As Atomic Radius Increases, Activation Increases