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Religion of the World, More About Judaism, Buddism encourages its people…

- - - - Jainism
        
        The same period of speculation over Upanshinads led to rise of Jainism and Buddhism. Founder of Jainism --> Mahavira, born 599 BC and died 527 BC, teachings oppose most of Hindu religious rituals, thinking them unneccessary because people could achieve moksha by giving up all wordly things and controlling actions. Believe everything has a soul and nothing should be harmed. They sweep ants off their paths and wear gauze masks to not kill any insects. Look for occupations that don't harm any creatures, often work in trade and commerce, also vegetarians. Tell truth and avoid stealing, eliminate greed, things thought to prevent moksha. Most devout ones give up possessions and become monks/nuns. Those who are not monks periodically fast. -Tolerant of all religions so they don't try to spread Jainism, resulting in a small amount with almost all living in India.
    - - Hinduism changes and develops
        
        Lots of change over past 2500 years, World soul Brahman seen as three persons, Brahma the creator, Vishnu the protector, and Shiva the destroyer. Over centuries Brahma fades in importance and Devi the great mother goddess grows in importance. Hindus free to choose gods they worship or none at all, and there are three paths they can take to achieve moksha - the path of right thinking, the path of right action and the path of religious devotion
      - Hindu Religious Practices
        
        Religious practice varies, worship can be done anywhere. (recitations of Vedas, image of a god carried out of temple, at homes food and drink offered, along with prayers and meditations), yoga is done to teach people how to focus their bodies and minds to achieve moksha, and people take pilgrimages to holy places like the Ganges river which is said to be holy since it flows over Vishnu and Shiva, bathing in it believed to get rid of bad karma.
      - Origins and Beliefs
        
        Between 750 and 550 BC teachers tried to interpret and explain the vedic hymns. Teachers comments written and became known as Upanishads.
        
        Upanishads are dialogues or discussions between teacher and student and explore how a person can be liberated from suffering and desires - moksha a state of understanding of al things - teacher distinguishes between atman (the individual soul), and Brahman (world soul that unites all atmans)
        
        Moksha is achieved when a person understands relationship between atman and Brahman. Takes multiple lifetimes, through reincarnation, where an individual soul is born again till moksha is achieved
        
        A soul's karma (good and bad deeds) follows from one life to the next. Influences factors in new life like financial situation, life circumstances, etc.
      - Hinduism and Society
        
        Hindus ideas about life and reincarnation strengthen caste system - if someone was higher on it, it was a result of good deeds in a former life/good karma, if someone was lower on the caste system it was a result of bad deeds in a former life. Caste structure dominates Hindu lives.
- - - - Judaism is a religion in the way of the life for Jewish people, it's the oldest motnotheistic faiths in the abrahamic tradition that included christianity and islam.
        
        The history of Judaism cannot be seperated with the history of Jewish people. There are 14 million Jew in the world today, only 5 million live in the Jewish state of Isreal.
        
        88,832 people in Austraila identify with Judaism as their religion, comprising 0.5% of the total population. Some estimates of the actual Jewish population in Australia are as high as 120,000.