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C8 - Atoms and Molecules - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Any smaller particles (eg. electrons, protons) will NOT have the properties of that element.
  - - - Outside the nucleus
        
        Electrons move rapidly around the nucleus in fixed orbits or paths.
        
        Electrons
        
        relative mass
        
        1/1840
        
        relative charge
        
        -1
      - In the nucleus
        
        Protons and neutrons are densely packed in the nucleus.
        
        Protons
        
        relative charge
        
        +1
        
        relative mass
        
        1
        
        Neutrons
        
        relative charge
        
        0
        
        relative mass
        
        1
    - - Top number
        
        Mass/Nucleon number = no. of protons + no. of neutrons
      - bottom number
        
        Proton number = no. of protons = no. of electrons
      - center symbol
        
        chemical symbol of element
    - - Top number
        
        Proton number = no. of protons = no. of electrons
      - bottom number
        
        Mass/Nucleon number = no. of protons + no. of neutrons
      - center symbol and name
        
        chemical symbol and name of element
- - - - H₂O
        
        O is the chemical symbol for oxygen
        
        H is the chemical symbol for hydrogen
        
        Subscript 2 to represent number of H atoms present
        
        Each water molecule contains 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atoms
      - common molecules
        
        oxygen
        
        O₂
        
        carbon dioxide
        
        CO₂
        
        nitrogen
        
        N₂
        
        hydrogen
        
        H₂
        
        water
        
        H₂O
    - - glucose, C₆H₁₂O₆
        
        6 carbons + 12 hydrogen + 6 oxygen = 24 atoms
      - Cu(NO₃)₂
        
        1 copper + 2 nitrogen + (3x2) oxygen = 9 atoms