Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
3 PSYCHOANALYSIS PRINCIPLES - Coggle Diagram
3 PSYCHOANALYSIS PRINCIPLES
Group 5
:
123221198_Lum'atul Khoirotin Niha
123221211_Qonaitah Majidah
123221225_Dian Novita Sari
123221227_Yunika Pratiwi
123221237_Najwa Khaerunisa
SIGMUND FREUD
THE UNCONSCIOUS
Our actions are the result of forces we do not recognize and therefore cannot control
Unconscious may mistake the real causes of behavior
The most significant aspect of Freudian theory
Advanced theories about the workings of the human psyche.
As a neurologist practicing in Vienna in the late 19th century, Freud concluded that the unconscious plays a major role in what we do, feel, and say, although we are not aware of its presence.
In 1895 Freud with Joseph Breuer published “Studies in Hysteria,” asserting that symptoms of hysteria are the result of unresolved but forgotten traumas from childhood.
In 1900 Freud wrote “The Interpretation of Dreams,” addressed the fundamental concepts of psychoanalysis.
THE TRIPARTITE PSYCHE
The id is entirely unconscious, driven by the pleasure principle, and fueled by instinctive desires, particularly sexual and aggressive, without regard for consequences or morality.
The ego operates on the reality principle, mediating between the id's desires and external limitations by finding realistic, often delayed or socially acceptable, ways to satisfy those desires.
The superego embodies internalized moral standards from society and parents, operating on moral principles to suppress the id’s urges and guiding the ego toward idealistic actions, creating feelings of guilt or pride.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SEXUALITY
Oral stage: focuses on the pleasure of sucking and suckling, which later develops into behaviors such as thumb sucking and kissing.
Anal phase: a period of recognizing the need for elimination and the existence of other erogenous zones, body parts that provide sexual pleasure.
Phallic Stage: The child becomes aware of genital pleasure and the early beginnings of sexual identity. This stage leads to the development of the Oedipus complex in boys and the Electra complex in girls.
THE IMPRTANCE OF DREAMS
Condensation: Multiple desires or ideas are represented by a single symbol or image.
Displacement: Feelings associated with one person or idea are transferred to another related object or symbol.
SYMBOLISM
Yonic symbols (concave shapes like lakes, tunnels, and cups) represent the female.
Phallic symbols (convex shapes like trees, towers, and spires) represent the male.
JACQUES LACAN
The unconscious is a linguistic effect that exists before an individual is formed. This can be proven by Freud, who linked
the linguistic devices
of slips, allusions, and puns as
the basis of the unconscious
.
3 ORDERS
The Real Order
:
A newborn baby
does not recognize
itself as a complete individual
The Imaginary Order:
The baby around 6 to 18 months old
starts to realize
itself and starts to feel the boundary with its surroundings. This order is is centered in
the mother
.
The Mirror Stage
At this stage, the baby realizes its reflection
The Ideal Ego
The baby sees its reflection on the mirror as a more complete figure than the other.
The Symbolic order:
The baby after 18 months old realizes that
it is disconnected
from something that fulfills its needs, and at this stage language is introduced to replace what is lacking. This order is ruled by the Law of
the Father
THE OTHER
The
other
with a small “o” is not the actual self, only an image outside of the self.
The
Other
is all that world beyond the self.
THE IDEAS
Metaphor
has multiple meanings in one image.
Metonymy
uses an object to refer to the whole.
In
character analysis
, Lacan saw humans as a collection of signs (signifiers) that have uncertain meanings (signified).
In the mid-1950s, Lacan created new emphasis on the unconscious but with significance differences from Freud's that makes him at such odds with other psychoanalyst until he was expelled from IPA. He then created new organizations and published his theories in a book called Écrits for graduate-level students.
Lacan's dan Freud's few differences
Freud defining the unconscious as the force that determines our actions and beliefs—we are beings who can control their own destinies. While Lacan defining the unconscious as the core of one's being.
Freud believed that adult psychology characterized by unity, while Lacan's believed that it's always full of fragmentation, absence, and lack.
Lacan believed that the unconscious is orderly and structured, while Freud believed that it is jumbled, chaotic, and full of repressed desire and wishes.
CARL JUNG
CHARACTERS
THE DEVIL
: the figure personifies evil and intrudes in their life to destroy them.
FEMALE FIGURES
: depicted in several archetypes.
The good mother
=fertility, nurturance.
The temptress
= destroys the men that attracted to her beauty
A spiritual/platonic ideal
= fulfills her male counterpart but has no physical attractions.
The unfaithful wife
= married to a dull husband, then cheating. She then faced an unhappy consequences.
THE TRICKSTER
: mischievous, amoral, disrupts the rigidity of rule-bound cultures
THE HERO
: are distinguished by several uncommon events, including a birth that has unusual circumstances; escape from attempted murder; or a return to his homeland after winning battle then he marries a princess, only later falls victim to a fate that may include being banished from the kingdom only to die a mysterious death and have an ambiguous burial.
THE SCAPEGOAT
: Sometimes the hero or the animal becomes the sacrificial victim(mainly the hero), in order to remove the guilt of the people and restore their welfare and health.
THE OUTCAST
: a character who is thrown out of the community as punishment for a crime against it.
IMAGES
COLORS
have a variety of archetypal dimensions, such as red means passion, sacrifice, and green means fertility and the fullness of life
NUMBERS
are invested with different meanings. Number 3=the Holy Trinity (spiritual), number 4=4 seasons & elements
WATER
: creation, birth, rebirth.
The desert/lack of water
: a spiritually
barren state
GARDENS
: a paradise or a state of innocence. ex: Garden of Eden.
CIRCLES
: suggest a state of wholeness and union
THE SUN
: the passage of time.
SITUATIONS
THE QUEST
: usually involves a difficult search for a magical or holy item that will return fertility and abundance to a desolate state.
DEATH AND REBIRTH
: natural regeneration, submission to the cycles of nature, or escape from this troubled life to an endless paradise, such as that enjoyed before the fall into the sufferings that are part of mortality.
INITIATION
: the progression from one stage of life to another, from innocence to understanding.
Carl Jung and Mythological Criticism
Archetype
: Universal images or patterns that have been passed down through generations and become part of the culture over time. These include myths, art, literature, rituals.
Collective Unconscious
: The human subconscious mind is not just one but a collective inherited from the ancestors. Thus, these elements indirectly influence people's actions and responses to myths and rituals.
3 main archetypes:
Shadow
: The dark side of humanity that no one wants to face
Anima
: a person's driving force for action. in men it is called feminine, while in women it is masculine.
Persona
: The image a person presents to the world, this character often does not match their true personality.