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Chemistry revised paper paper 1 (part 2) - Coggle Diagram
Chemistry revised paper paper 1 (part 2)
Diamond, Graphite and their comparisons
Diamond basic information
Structure
Giant Covalent
Carbon, purely Carbon
Each Carbon atom makes bonds with 4 other carbon atoms
Properties
Hard
Graphite basic information
Structure
Giant Covalent
Carbon
Each carbon atom makes bonds with 4 other carbon atoms
Properties :
Soft
Conducts Electricity
Similarities and differences
Similarities
Purely Carbon
Giant Covalent
Differences
Diamond is hard, Graphite is soft
Graphite conducts electricity, Diamond doesn't
Diamond bonds with 4 other atoms, Graphite with 3
Carbon Nanotubes and Buckminsterfullerene
Carbon Nanotubes information
Incredibly hard
Makes 3 bonds with other carbon atoms
Made entirely of Carbon
Buckminsterfullerene information
Made entirely of carbon
Incredibly hard
Makes 3 bonds with other carbon atoms
Used to make lubricant to loosen up things like electronics, machines and sometimes condoms
Polymers
Definition
Polymers are large chains of CARBON atoms with no set size
e.g. Polythene
Crosslinks
One thing to note about Polymers is that some have some things called 'crosslinks'. These are small bonds that keep the chain fixed in line
One thing to note is that if polymers have crosslinks, they burn. If not, because they slide over each other, they melt
Measuring Reactants, Products and Degrees of Uncertainty
How to measure a reactant or product
Gas Syringe
Balance
Degrees of Uncertainity
When you measure an amount of liquid, there is a slight dip towards the middle, like this
. Sometimes it doesn't come up to an exact line. So when trying to measure these, just measure to the nearest line
Concentration equation
Concentration = Amount ÷ Volume
Concentration is measured in Moles per decimetre cubed
Or Mol/dm³
How to calculate the Relative Mass
Process
For example, lets take the element of Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4(Smaller Numbers))
You then add up the amount of atoms of each (2 Hydrogens, one Sulfur and 4 Oxygens)
You then add up the amount of the atomic numbers on each atom
Once you have added them all up (2 x 1) + (16 x 1) + (32 x 4), which adds up to 98, you have the mass number
