Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Biotechnology and its Applications - Coggle Diagram
Biotechnology and its Applications
AGRICULTURE
Bt Cotton
(
Bacillus thuringiensis
)
Target pests
:
lepidopterans (tobacco budworm)
coleopterans (beetles)
dipterans (flies, mosquitoes)
Beneficiary crops
:
Corn, Brinjal, Cotton
Mechanism
:
Inactive protoxin- Gut of insect- alkaline medium- active- binds to midgut epithelium- pores- lysis- death
Pest Resistant Plants
Target pest
:
Meloidegyne
incognitia
Beneficiary crop:
Tobacco
Mechanism
:
RNA interference- using
Agrobacterium
vector- silencing of mRNA of nematode
MEDICINE
Genetically engineered insulin
Aim
:
extract human insulin using bacterium since traditional insulin extracted from cattle caused immune reactions
Mechanism
:
pro-hormone- extra C peptide- Eli Lilly company- 1983- created DNA sequences A & B of human insulin- introduced into plasmids of
E.Coli
- disulfide bonds
Gene Therapy
Aim
:
to treat ADA (adenosine deaminase) deficiency
Mechanism
:
lymphocytes from patient- cultured outside- functional ADA cDNA- using retroviral vector- introduced into culture- returned to patient
Molecular Diagnosis
Aim
:
effective treatment of a disease, early diagnosis and
understanding its pathophysiology
Methods
:
1) PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)
2) ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay)
TRANSGENIC ANIMALS
*Study of disease
*Biological products
*Vaccine safety
*Chemical safety testing