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Illegal mining in Colombia - Coggle Diagram
Illegal mining in Colombia
Exploitation of minerals without government permission or environmental regulations
Causes
Mineral Demand
: High demand for gold and other minerals in international markets.
Poverty
: Lack of economic opportunities and employment in rural areas.
Armed Conflicts:
Presence of armed groups that control or benefit from illegal mining
Lack of Regulation:
Inadequate application of mining laws and regulations.
Consequences
Social
Human Rights Violations: Forced labor and unsafe working conditions.
Community Displacement: Forced migration due to violence and environmental destruction
Economic
Informal Economy: Loss of tax revenue and limitation of formal economic development.
Environmental
Deforestation: Destruction of tropical forests.
Water Pollution: Use of mercury and other toxic chemicals.
Soil Erosion: Alteration of ecosystems and landscapes
Most affected regions
Antioquia: Presence of illegal mining in rural areas and social conflicts.
Cauca: Conflicts between armed groups and local communities over control of mines.
Chocó: Pollution of rivers and ecosystems due to the use of mercury.
Amazonas: Extensive deforestation and presence of armed groups.
Solutions
Formalization: Integration of small miners into the formal market with licenses and regulations.
Education and Training: Programs to train miners in responsible practices.
Law Enforcement: Strengthening laws and penalties against illegal mining.
Investment in Rural Development: Improving economic conditions in affected areas to reduce dependence on illegal mining.
Examples of Initiatives
Collaboration with Multinationals: Companies that help illegal miners transition to responsible practices.
Environmental Restoration Projects: Initiatives to rehabilitate areas affected by illegal mining.