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Buddhism and Human Rights - Coggle Diagram
Buddhism and Human Rights
Nirvana
attained by a 'perfected person' and escapes the cycle of Samsara
Mahayana: Bodhisattya and
Buddha-nature
: all humans have potential
Theravada: Arhat; eradication of three poisons and suffering
Origins
Buddha = 'enlightened one'
based on Siddartha Gautama teachings
Buddha is not a deity
Different branches
Theravada, Mahayan, Chinese, Tibetan etc.
4 Noble Truths
Suffering is inevitable or all life is imperfect and involves suffering =
dukkha
The cause of suffering is desire (greed) =
samudaya
Suffering can end =
nirodha
The way to end suffering is the Middle Way (Eightfold Path) =
magga
ST's
Pali Cannon/Tipitaka (Three Baskets)
Teachings of Buddha recorded by his disciples
Vinya pitaka - monastric discipline and rules for the
sangha
Sutta (Sutra) Pitaka - teachings of the Buddha; also known as Nikayas
Abhiddharma Pitaka - Higher Doctrine; elaborations on the sutras and how to apply them to daily life
Eightfold Path
Ethics
Right action (behaving in a skillful way and not harming others)
Right speech (speaking truthfully)
Right livelihood (earning a living in a way that doesn't cause suffering or harm to others)
Meditation
Right mindfulness (being aware of yourself and the emotions of others)
Right effort (putting effort into meditation and positive emotions)
Right concentration (developing focus so that you are able to meditate)
Wisdom
Right view/understanding
Right intention
5 Precepts
Refrain from taking life
Refrain from taking what is not given
Refrain from the misuse of the senses or sexual misconduct
Refrain from wrong speech
Refrain from intoxicants that cloud the mind
World View
Immanent - divine can be attained within every human being
Cyclical - recincarnation and cycle of rebirth (samsara)
Dharma
Dharma in Buddhism is the teachings and way of the Buddha
Path to alleviate human suffering
Significant components
4 Noble Truths
Eightfold Path (Middle Way)
5 Precepts
The idea of moderation, putting yourself in the best position to recognise compassion, because compassion is the way to alleviate suffering
Human life
All human beings are born with complete freedom and responsibility - "one is one's own lord" (Dhammapada 22:160)
Five Precepts assert the right to life and the right to property
All human beings are equal in dignity and rights; the Buddha made this distinction between humans and nature
Buddhism extends the rights of its followers to other religions
Th exercise of individual rights is subject to the recognition of the rights of others: an individual cannot have their own rights without recognising another indivudual has rights
Annica and Annata
Anatta is the belief there is no permanent self
The basis of this belief is the Theravada teaching that people are made up of Five Khandas
Body, feelings, perception, thoughts, consciousness
The Khandas are fluid and always changing
Reincarnation
Reflects impermanence (annica)
Reflects no self (anatta)
Suffering and negative humana ction resolved by reincarnation = no need for human rights
Karma + Samsara
Karma = accumulation of actions that have indirect consequences
Followng the Eightfold Path accumulates positive karma to influence rebirth
Ahimsa
Non-violence or non-harm; not doing harm
Based on principle all people love their own lives and do not wish to be hurt or killed by others; self-preservation and self-love
3 Jewels, 3 Poisons
Three Jewels
Buddha (the exemplar)
Dharma (the teachings)
Sangha (the community
Three Poisons
Ignorance, attachment (greed) and hatred
Karuna + Metta Bhavana
Karuan is the practice of compassion
concern for other's suffering and wanting to help
Compassion should be shown to everyone
Cognitive empathy
Metta Bhavana is loving kindness - trying to show love to others before they need help
One of the 4 Sublime States; more positive than karuan