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Outbreak of war in Asia-Pacific (chpt 5) - Coggle Diagram
Outbreak of war in Asia-Pacific (chpt 5)
Japanese Expansionist Foreign Policy
Japan and Western Powers
JP saw other countries (esp western ones) as obstacles to achieving their goals or ruling asia
JP believed that US abandoned it when enforcing economic policies against JP
JP education system and media taught children to be nationalistic
GD caused JP exports to exponentially drop bc JP depended heavily on US (iron ore 89% dependency)
Britian was seen as a rival power bc it controlled many colonies in asia
USSR communism was a threat to JP loyalty to emperor and was worried about its shared border with it in manchuria
GD and Japan's search for self-sufficency
Ultranationalistic military leaders argued that for the expansion of JP to happen, more resources were needed, which could be obtained through the conquest of other resource rich countries in asia
JP did not have any raw material and food of its own and depended on other countries to import them
GD allowed JP to see that it was too heavily dependent on other countries trade to have money
Rise of Japanese militarism
Which was caused by victories against C and Ru
Military believed that serving the country through the military was a honour and that JP was destined to rule asia
Tensions between CV polititcians and military leaders worsened as they grew in influence and prominence
As CVG lost trust with the ppl, military became more dominant
Manchurian Crisis and Response of LON
Public opinion about the Manchurian crisis
The fact that moderate CVG shared this opinion shows how entrenched the belief to expand was in the country
Shidehara Kijuro, the foreign minister at the time took part in negotiations to limit arms and believed in the LON but still believed that JP was right to expand into Manchuria
The public supported the notion that JP should expand and take control of Manchuria as it was rich in resources helpful to JP goal of expansion in Asia
There were more aggressive people (eg:ishiwara kanji coronel in the Kwantung army) who believed that JP should rule
Instability in China
The GMD was also facing tough opposition parties like the small but growing CCP
This instability allowed JP to expand further into CN and annex manchuria as it could be used as an excuse to "stabilise" the region
China's political state was very uncertain, as the leader of the country (Chiang Kai shek of the GMD) was not accepted by the warlords at the border of Manchuria and was ready to help the JP for economic and military support
Conquest of Manchuria
Very little opposition in JP
Puppet govt set up but CVG told the army to withdraw but were ignored --> shows that CVG not in charge of JP foreign policy but its army
Ishiwara's forces blew up a part of a railway track at Mukden and blamed it on the CN govt and took over manchuria
Response of LON
League council called for JP to withdraw, with JP claiming self defence as CN is in state of anarchy
Presented the Lytton Report (stated that JP is doing bad things) but instead of withdrawing, JP announced that it would continue expanding and left LON
LON economic sanctions were unefffective as Brit was reluctant to ruin its r/s with JP and since US is not in LON but was JP main trading partner, made it more useless
Impacts
Encouraged JP to further expand as Manchuria location was ideal to keep invading into CN
JP had raw material from annexing Manchuria to keep growing its industries
Tarnished LON rep as LON could not do anyt to an aggressor country
Made Military stronger while CVG became weaker
Japanese Aggression towards China
Japan-US relations
US economic war on JP
Japan's response