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Enzymes - Coggle Diagram
Enzymes
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Biological Catalyst: A living substance that speeds up a chemical reaction and is not changed by the reaction
Enzymes: Specific proteins involved in all metabolic reactions, functioning as biological catalysts.
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Enzymes have an optimum temperature: the temperature at which they work best, giving the fastest reaction ≈ at 37°C in animals & human bodies.
When temperature increases, molecules move faster, more effectively, and frequently collide.
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If the temperature is too high, enzyme molecules vibrate too vigorously; the enzyme is denatured, losing shape and no longer binding with a substrate.
When the temperature is too low, there is not enough kinetic energy for the reaction, so it reacts too slowly.
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Some enzymes work best in an acid, and others in an alkaline.
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If the pH changes, the hydrogen bond is broken, denatures the enzyme, making it no longer fit with the substrate’s active site; therefore, no reaction occurs.
Pepsin in acidic conditions, Amylase in neutral conditions and trypsin in alkalinity conditions.
Substrate: the molecule(s) before they are made to react, complementary to the active site.
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Different sequences of amino acids may lead to different shapes of protein molecules, as these slight differences may be deferred in their function.