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Sustainable manage of water - Coggle Diagram
Sustainable manage of water
The amount of precipitation determines how much water an area receives
Droughts
They arise from inadequate rainfall or snowfall, resulting in water scarcity, parched soil, and crop harm.
There are 2 types of floods: Flash and River
Flash floods occurs when moderate precipitation accumulates over several days, intense precipitation falls over a short period, or a river overflows because of an ice or debris jam or dam or levee failure.
Whereas, river floods occurs when water levels rise over the top of river banks due to excessive rain from tropical systems making landfall, persistent thunderstorms over the same area for extended periods of time, combined rainfall and snowmelt, or an ice jam.
Water
Water pollution is the contamination of a stream, river, lake, ocean, or any other stretch of water, depleting water quality and making it toxic for the environment and humans.
There are 2 types of water pollution: Organic and Chemical
Organic pollution is due to microorganisms , bacteria, and viruses present in the water, generated by excrement, animal, and vegetable waste
Meanwhile, chemical pollution is generated by the nitrates and phosphates of pesticides, human and animal drugs, household products, heavy metals, acids, and hydrocarbons used in industries
How can we sustainably manage our water quality then?
Water treatment
Water treatment involves removing pollutants from wastewater through a physical, chemical, or biological process. The more efficient these processes are, the cleaner the water becomes.
Green agriculture
Globally, agriculture accounts for 70% of water resources, so it is essential to have climate-friendly crops, efficient irrigation that reduces the need for water and energy-efficient food production. Green agriculture is also crucial to limit the chemicals that enter the water.
Stormwater management
Stormwater management is the effort to reduce runoff of rainwater or melted snow into streets, lawns and other sites and the improvement of water quality” according to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). It is important to avoid pollutants from contaminating the water and helps to use water more efficiently.
Air pollution prevention
Air pollution has a direct impact on water contamination as 25% of human-induced CO2 emissions are absorbed by oceans. This pollution causes rapid acidification of our oceans and threatens marine life and corals. Preventing air pollution is the best way to prevent this from happening.
Plastic waste reduction
80% of plastic in our oceans is from land sources. In order to reduce the amount of plastic entering our ocean, we need to both reduce our use of plastic globally, and to improve plastic waste management.
Water conservation
Without water conservation, we won’t go very far. It is central to making sure the world has better access to clean water. It means being aware that water is a scarce resource, taking care of it accordingly, and managing it responsibly.