Topic 1.1-1.4

Relationship between nature and people

Benefits

Disadvantages

Plant to human

  • Lower air temperature
  • Removal of pollutants
  • Provision of recreational space

Human to plant
-> Environmental protection

  • Conservation efforts
  • Raising awareness of proper behaviours

Human to plant

  • soil erosion
  • pollution -> air, noise, water
  • feeding animals

Plant to human

  • Limiting development
  • Growing interest outdoors
  • Greening efforts by the state

Sense of place

People associate meanings and memories to a place

  • Experiences
  • Interactions

Acquiring a sense of place

Repeated encounters with objects or people

Significant or memorable events

  • highly visible
  • historical or symbolic purpose
  • positive or negative memories
  • visually distinctive

Sense of place represented

Media

  • texts, audio, graphics, still or moving images
  • shared through print, broadcast and internet-based media

Example: #sgmemory on instagram to share memorable photographs of Singapore to people on the same platform

Example: Jurong Lake Gardens transformed into a music arena to host a concert series. Thus, becoming a memorable place for people

Example: East Coast Parkway, people walk by this place when returning from overseas, hence creating memories with it

Regions

  • environmental characteristics
  • human characteristics
  • Geographical location

Sphere of influence
-> An area where services, events, and objects influenced by a organisation

Spatial patterns

  • randomly arranged & non-randomly arranged
  • clusters, geometry and repeated occurrences

Spatial association

  • Tendency of a pair of services, events and objects to be near each other

Spatial hierarchies
Residential unit -> Percent -> Neighbourhood -> Town

Town planning

  • land allocation
  • presence of facilities

Creates connections

  • Long term plans
  • accommodate other uses such as military, waste treatment plants, power plants.

2.1-2.4
Sustainable development

Economy sustainability

  • High population density
  • Sufficient demands for goods
  • Employment opportunities
  • Transport costs kept low
  • buildings close to one another, lesser distance -> lesser cost

Social sustainability

  • Residents -> sense of shared identity
  • Shared community spaces
  • Population size kept small
  • adequate neighbourhood structure

Goal: Increase social interaction between residents

Goal: Increase income and revenue generated
Affordable prices for daily expenses

Environmental Sustainability

  • Protection for nature
  • Waste minimisation and recycling
  • energy and water-efficient designs for buildings

Goals:
Nature areas safe -> wildlife thrive -> maximising biodiversity
Recycling -> lesser waste
Save energy/greener energy -> Reduce greenhouse gases

Provisioning services

  • Tangible resources - food, water, wood
  • Provided by nature
    eg. Nature -> food by plants and animals, water by lakes, Wood for fuel

Regulating services

  • Climate - nature Cool areas via shade, evapotranspiration, rainfall
  • Water - Filter water, Trap sediments
  • Air - trees remove pollutants in the air.

Cultural services

  • intangible resources - Experiences and memories, Education and recreation
  • Green spaces - aesthetic appreciation, stress relieving activities
  • improve physical, mental health, social belonging and group identity

Supporting services

  • Soil formation
  • Animals pollinate crops
  • Oxygen produced by plants

Dependant on one another

  • Plant depends on humans for health to thrive
  • Humans depend on plants for essentials and recreation